Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR): "pioneer member" of the basic-helix/loop/helix per-Arnt-sim (bHLH/PAS) family of "sensors" of foreign and endogenous signals.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR): "pioneer member" of the basic-helix/loop/helix per-Arnt-sim (bHLH/PAS) family of "sensors" of foreign and endogenous signals.
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芳基烃受体（AHR）：外国和内源性信号的“传感器”的基本螺旋/环/螺旋（BHLH/PAS）家族的“先驱成员”。
DOI：
10.1016/j.plipres.2017.06.001
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发表时间：
2017-07
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Nebert DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nebert DW
碱性-螺旋-环-螺旋per - art - sim （bHLH/PAS）家族包括许多转录因子，在所有三个生命王国中都有发现；bHLH/PAS成员“感知”无数细胞内和细胞外的“信号”，包括内源性化合物、外来化学物质、气体分子、氧化还原电位、光子（光）、重力、热和渗透压。然后，这些信号启动下游信号通路，参与对该信号的响应。“PAS”一词是“per - art - sim”的缩写，于1991年首次出现。虽然小鼠Arnt基因直到1991年才被发现，但其共转录结合伙伴芳烃受体（AHR）的证据在1974年首次被报道为外源化学物质的“传感器”，上调细胞色素P450家族1 （CYP1）和其他通常代谢信号化学物质的酶活性。几年之内，AHR也被提出参与炎症反应。小鼠[Ah]基因座（1973-1989）被证明与化学致癌、诱变、毒性和致畸有关，小鼠Ahr基因于1992年被克隆，1995年报道了第一个Ahr（−/−）敲除小鼠系。从20世纪70年代早期到现在，经过数千项研究，我们现在认识到AHR参与了涉及关键生命过程的数十种信号通路，影响动物的几乎所有器官和细胞类型，包括许多无脊椎动物。
The basic-helix-loop-helix Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH/PAS) family comprises many transcription factors, found throughout all three kingdoms of life; bHLH/PAS members “sense” innumerable intracellular and extracellular “signals” — including endogenous compounds, foreign chemicals, gas molecules, redox potential, photons (light), gravity, heat, and osmotic pressure. These signals then initiate downstream signaling pathways involved in responding to that signal. The term “PAS”, abbreviation for “Per-Arnt-Sim” was first coined in 1991. Although the mouse Arnt gene was not identified until 1991, evidence of its co-transcriptional binding partner, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), was first reported in 1974 as a “sensor” of foreign chemicals, up-regulating cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) and other enzyme activities that usually metabolize the signaling chemical. Within a few years, AHR was proposed also to participate in inflammation. The mouse [Ah] locus was shown (1973–1989) to be relevant to chemical carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, toxicity and teratogenesis, the mouse Ahr gene was cloned in 1992, and the first Ahr(−/−) knockout mouse line was reported in 1995. After thousands of studies from the early 1970s to present day, we now realize that AHR participates in dozens of signaling pathways involved in critical-life processes, affecting virtually every organ and cell-type in the animal, including many invertebrates.
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