Vitamin D, infections and immunity.
Vitamin D, infections and immunity.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11154-021-09679-5
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
White JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ismailova A;White JH
维生素D以其在骨骼健康中的作用而闻名，已成为对微生物威胁的先天免疫反应的关键调节剂。在免疫细胞（如巨噬细胞）中，免疫特异性输入诱导CYP 27 B1（25-羟基维生素D 1α-羟化酶）的表达，导致感染部位局部产生激素1，25-二羟基维生素D（1，25 D），进而直接诱导编码抗菌肽的基因表达。维生素D信号传导在模式识别受体的上游和下游都很活跃，这促进了前线先天免疫反应。此外，1，25 D刺激自噬，这已经成为控制细胞内病原体如M.结核强有力的实验室和流行病学证据将维生素D缺乏症与诸如龋齿以及由先天免疫处理肠道植物群失调引起的炎症性肠病等病症的发病率增加联系起来。1，25 D在促进抗病毒先天免疫的信号级联中也具有活性; 1，25 D诱导的抗菌肽CAMP/LL 37的表达最初以其抗菌特性为特征，是抗病毒反应的关键组成部分。维生素D缺乏与病毒感染的易感性有关，包括呼吸道感染。尽管新型冠状病毒大流行的严重程度在某些地区因疫苗的到来而有所缓解，但确定降低疾病严重程度和死亡率并加速恢复的治疗干预措施仍然很重要。这篇综述概述了我们目前对维生素D信号在先天免疫系统中的作用机制的认识。它还评估了维生素D补充剂在传染病中的治疗潜力，包括对维生素D补充剂在持续的COVID-19危机中的推定益处的最新分析。
Vitamin D, best known for its role in skeletal health, has emerged as a key regulator of innate immune responses to microbial threat. In immune cells such as macrophages, expression of CYP27B1, the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase, is induced by immune-specific inputs, leading to local production of hormonal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) at sites of infection, which in turn directly induces the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides. Vitamin D signaling is active upstream and downstream of pattern recognition receptors, which promote front-line innate immune responses. Moreover, 1,25D stimulates autophagy, which has emerged as a mechanism critical for control of intracellular pathogens such as M. tuberculosis. Strong laboratory and epidemiological evidence links vitamin D deficiency to increased rates of conditions such as dental caries, as well as inflammatory bowel diseases arising from dysregulation of innate immune handling intestinal flora. 1,25D is also active in signaling cascades that promote antiviral innate immunity; 1,25D-induced expression of the antimicrobial peptide CAMP/LL37, originally characterized for its antibacterial properties, is a key component of antiviral responses. Poor vitamin D status is associated with greater susceptibility to viral infections, including those of the respiratory tract. Although the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic has been alleviated in some areas by the arrival of vaccines, it remains important to identify therapeutic interventions that reduce disease severity and mortality, and accelerate recovery. This review outlines of our current knowledge of the mechanisms of action of vitamin D signaling in the innate immune system. It also provides an assessment of the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in infectious diseases, including an up-to-date analysis of the putative benefits of vitamin D supplementation in the ongoing COVID-19 crisis.
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DOI：
10.18632/aging.202307
发表时间：
2020-12-22
期刊：
Aging
影响因子：
--
作者：
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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DOI：
10.1161/atvbaha.112.248039
发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Brondum-Jacobsen, Peter;Benn, Marianne;Nordestgaard, Borge G.
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影响因子：
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