Mirror trends of plasticity and stability indicators in primate prefrontal cortex.
Mirror trends of plasticity and stability indicators in primate prefrontal cortex.
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DOI：
10.1111/ejn.13706
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发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barbas H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
García-Cabezas MÁ;Joyce MKP;John YJ;Zikopoulos B;Barbas H
对大脑皮层中可塑性标记物的研究主要集中在它们在关键和正常时期的表达时间和塑造回路的作用上。相比之下，很少有人关注的可塑性稳定性的空间维度在整个皮层区域。这种分析的基本原理是基于皮质结构的系统性变化，这种变化与功能专门化平行，并提高了不同水平的可塑性的可能性。在这里，我们调查了成年恒河猴的前额叶边缘和eulaminate区的层状结构不同的突触可塑性或稳定性相关的标记物的表达。我们的研究结果表明，边缘区是贫困的稳定性的三个标志物：皮质内髓鞘，凝集素紫藤花凝集素，标记神经元周围的网络，和小白蛋白，这是在一类强抑制性神经元的表达。相比之下，前额叶边缘区富含钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶II（CaMKII），已知可增强可塑性。Eulaminate地区有更详细的层状结构比边缘区，并表现出相反的趋势：他们丰富的稳定性标志物，并有较低的表达可塑性相关的标志物CaMKII。胶质细胞酸性蛋白（GFAP）的表达，活化星形胶质细胞的标志物，在边缘区也较高，这表明细胞应激与电路重塑的速率相关。可塑性标志物的升高可能赋予边缘系统区域在情感环境中学习和记忆所必需的灵活性，但也可能使它们容易受到异常结构变化的影响，如神经系统和精神疾病。不同区域的皮质结构的系统性差异表明可塑性水平不同。在这里，我们表明，在成年猴子的前额叶皮层标记相关的突触可塑性高，而标记的稳定性低，相反的趋势是在eulaminate地区，有更大的层状阐述比边缘区。高可塑性标记物可能使边缘系统区域对学习和记忆具有灵活性，但也容易受到神经和精神疾病的影响。
Research on plasticity markers in the cerebral cortex has largely focused on their timing of expression and role in shaping circuits during critical and normal periods. By contrast, little attention has been focused on the spatial dimension of plasticity-stability across cortical areas. The rationale for this analysis is based on the systematic variation in cortical structure that parallels functional specialization and raises the possibility of varying levels of plasticity. Here we investigated in adult rhesus monkeys the expression of markers related to synaptic plasticity or stability in prefrontal limbic and eulaminate areas that vary in laminar structure. Our findings revealed that limbic areas are impoverished in three markers of stability: intracortical myelin, the lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin, which labels perineuronal nets, and parvalbumin, which is expressed in a class of strong inhibitory neurons. By contrast, prefrontal limbic areas were enriched in the enzyme calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), known to enhance plasticity. Eulaminate areas have more elaborate laminar architecture than limbic areas and showed the opposite trend: they were enriched in markers of stability and had lower expression of the plasticity related marker CaMKII. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of activated astrocytes, was also higher in limbic areas, suggesting that cellular stress correlates with the rate of circuit reshaping. Elevated markers of plasticity may endow limbic areas with flexibility necessary for learning and memory within an affective context, but may also render them vulnerable to abnormal structural changes, as seen in neurologic and psychiatric diseases. Systematic variation in cortical structure across areas suggests varying levels of plasticity. Here we show that in prefrontal cortices of adult monkeys markers related to synaptic plasticity are high in limbic areas while markers of stability are low; the opposite trend is seen in eulaminate areas, which have greater laminar elaboration than limbic areas. High plasticity markers may render limbic areas flexible for learning and memory but also vulnerable to neurologic and psychiatric diseases.
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通讯作者：
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