Origin of the amphibian chytrid fungus.
Origin of the amphibian chytrid fungus.
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DOI：
10.3201/eid1012.030804
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发表时间：
2004-12
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Spears R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weldon C;du Preez LH;Hyatt AD;Muller R;Spears R
组织学证据表明南非是两栖动物壶菌的起源地。壶菌病的突然出现，在几个大陆的两栖动物死亡和人口下降的原因，表明其病原体，两栖动物壶菌Batrachochytrium dendrobaerum，被引入受影响的地区。然而，这种致命病原体的起源尚不清楚。对1879 ~ 1999年在非洲南部采集的3种爪蟾的697个标本进行了调查，分析了趾间蹼的组织学特征。最早的壶菌病病例是1938年在非洲爪蟾蛙中发现的，总患病率为2.7%。不同物种、不同地区、不同季节、不同时间段的流行率无显著差异。壶菌病在非洲南部是一种稳定的地方性感染，在非洲以外发现任何阳性标本之前已有23年。我们认为非洲是两栖类壶菌的起源地，而X。1930年代中期开始的laevis是传播手段。
Histologic evidence indicates southern Africa as the origin of the amphibian chytrid fungus. The sudden appearance of chytridiomycosis, the cause of amphibian deaths and population declines in several continents, suggests that its etiologic agent, the amphibian chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, was introduced into the affected regions. However, the origin of this virulent pathogen is unknown. A survey was conducted of 697 archived specimens of 3 species of Xenopus collected from 1879 to 1999 in southern Africa in which the histologic features of the interdigital webbing were analyzed. The earliest case of chytridiomycosis found was in a Xenopus laevis frog in 1938, and overall prevalence was 2.7%. The prevalence showed no significant differences between species, regions, season, or time period. Chytridiomycosis was a stable endemic infection in southern Africa for 23 years before any positive specimen was found outside Africa. We propose that Africa is the origin of the amphibian chytrid and that the international trade in X. laevis that began in the mid-1930s was the means of dissemination.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02217-9
发表时间：
2002-09-20
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Rollins-Smith, LA;Reinert, LK;Conlon, JM
通讯作者：
Conlon, JM
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Morse SS
通讯作者：
Morse SS
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Morehouse, EA;James, TY;Longcore, JE
通讯作者：
Longcore, JE
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Berger, L;Hyatt, AD;Longcore, JE
通讯作者：
Longcore, JE
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Reed, KD;Ruth, GR;Shukla, SK
通讯作者：
Shukla, SK