Neurotransmitters Affect Larval Development by Regulating the Activity of Prothoracicotropic Hormone-Releasing Neurons in Drosophila melanogaster.
Neurotransmitters Affect Larval Development by Regulating the Activity of Prothoracicotropic Hormone-Releasing Neurons in Drosophila melanogaster.
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神经递质通过调节果蝇促前胸激素释放神经元的活性影响幼虫发育
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2021.653858
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Wei H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hao S;Gestrich JY;Zhang X;Xu M;Wang X;Liu L;Wei H
蜕皮激素是昆虫必需的类固醇激素，通过协调生长和成熟促进幼虫变态。在果蝇中，促前胸腺激素（PTTH）释放神经元被认为是蜕皮激素生物合成的主要促进因子。最近的研究表明，果蝇幼虫PTTH释放的调节机制是由不同的神经肽控制的，包括allatostatin A和corazonin。然而，目前还不清楚是否神经递质提供输入PTTH神经元和控制果蝇幼虫的变态。在这里，我们报告的神经递质乙酰胆碱（ACh）影响幼虫的发育，通过调节PTTH神经元的活动。通过下调PTTH神经元中烟碱型ACh受体不同亚基的表达，蛹体积显著增加，而蛹化时间相对不变。我们还发现，PTTH神经元兴奋ACh应用离体以剂量依赖性的方式通过离子型烟碱ACh受体。此外，在我们的Ca2+成像实验中，相对低剂量的OA引起PTTH神经元中Ca2+水平增加，而较高剂量导致Ca2+水平降低。我们还证明了低剂量的OA通过OA β型受体传递。此外，我们的电生理实验表明，PTTH神经元在体内产生自发活动，这提供了双向调节的可能性，来自PTTH细胞上游的神经元在果蝇幼虫。总之，我们的研究结果表明，几种不同的神经递质参与调节幼虫变态通过改变PTTH神经元的活动在果蝇。
Ecdysone, an essential insect steroid hormone, promotes larval metamorphosis by coordinating growth and maturation. In Drosophila melanogaster, prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH)-releasing neurons are considered to be the primary promoting factor in ecdysone biosynthesis. Recently, studies have reported that the regulatory mechanisms of PTTH release in Drosophila larvae are controlled by different neuropeptides, including allatostatin A and corazonin. However, it remains unclear whether neurotransmitters provide input to PTTH neurons and control the metamorphosis in Drosophila larvae. Here, we report that the neurotransmitters acetylcholine (ACh) affect larval development by modulating the activity of PTTH neurons. By downregulating the expression of different subunits of nicotinic ACh receptors in PTTH neurons, pupal volume was significantly increased, whereas pupariation timing was relatively unchanged. We also identified that PTTH neurons were excited by ACh application ex vivo in a dose-dependent manner via ionotropic nicotinic ACh receptors. Moreover, in our Ca2+ imaging experiments, relatively low doses of OA caused increased Ca2+ levels in PTTH neurons, whereas higher doses led to decreased Ca2+ levels. We also demonstrated that a low dose of OA was conveyed through OA β-type receptors. Additionally, our electrophysiological experiments revealed that PTTH neurons produced spontaneous activity in vivo, which provides the possibility of the bidirectional regulation, coming from neurons upstream of PTTH cells in Drosophila larvae. In summary, our findings indicate that several different neurotransmitters are involved in the regulation of larval metamorphosis by altering the activity of PTTH neurons in Drosophila.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Guo, A;Li, L;Heisenberg, M
通讯作者：
Heisenberg, M
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Jovanic, Tihana;Schneider-Mizell, Casey Martin;Zlatic, Marta
通讯作者：
Zlatic, Marta
中枢大脑中的两对神经元控制果蝇先天的光偏好
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Gong, Zhefeng;Liu, Jiangqu;Liu, Li
通讯作者：
Liu, Li
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Denver, RJ
通讯作者：
Denver, RJ
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Johard, Helena A. D.;Yoishii, Taishi;Nassel, Dick R.
通讯作者：
Nassel, Dick R.