Hematopoiesis and hematopoietic organs in arthropods.
Hematopoiesis and hematopoietic organs in arthropods.
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节肢动物的造血和造血器官。
DOI：
10.1007/s00427-012-0428-2
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发表时间：
2013-03
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hartenstein V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grigorian M;Hartenstein V
血细胞（血细胞）是在细胞外空间移动的运动细胞，存在于动物界的所有进化枝中。血细胞在塑造细胞外环境和免疫反应中发挥着重要作用。在发育过程中，血细胞与血管系统（内皮细胞）和体腔（间皮细胞）内衬的上皮细胞密切相关。在脊椎动物和昆虫中，称为成血管细胞的共同祖细胞产生内皮细胞和血细胞。在成年动物中，许多分化的血细胞似乎保留了增殖能力。然而，在大多数情况下，经过仔细研究，大部分血细胞增殖发生在专门的造血器官中。造血器官提供了一个环境，使未分化的造血干细胞能够自我更新，同时产生分化成不同血细胞类型的后代。脊椎动物的造血作用发生在骨髓中，一直受到免疫学家和干细胞生物学家的深入研究。人们对无脊椎动物血细胞的形成知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们将调查无脊椎动物造血器官的结构和功能特性，主要关注昆虫和其他节肢动物类群。然后，我们将讨论在分子和结构水平上的相似之处，这些相似之处在比较脊椎动物和节肢动物的造血器官中血细胞的发育时是显而易见的。我们的比较综述旨在阐明血液干细胞生物学的各个方面，当关注一个或几个模型物种时，这些方面更容易被忽视。
Hemocytes (blood cells) are motile cells moving throughout the extracellular space and exist in all clades of the animal kingdom. Hemocytes play an important role in shaping the extracellular environment and in the immune response. Developmentally, hemocytes are closely related to the epithelial cells lining the vascular system (endothelia) and body cavity (mesothelia). In vertebrates and insects, common progenitors, called hemangioblasts, give rise to the endothelia and blood cells. In the adult animal, many differentiated hemocytes seem to retain the ability to proliferate; however, in most cases investigated closely, the bulk of hemocyte proliferation takes place in specialized hematopoietic organs. Hematopoietic organs provide an environment where undifferentiated blood stem cells are able to self renew, and at the same time generate offspring that differentiate into different blood cell types. Hematopoiesis in vertebrates, taking place in the bone marrow, has been subject to intensive research by immunologists and stem cell biologists. Much less is known about blood cell formation in invertebrate animals. In this review we will survey structural and functional properties of invertebrate hematopoietic organs, with a main focus on insects and other arthropod taxa. We will then discuss similarities, at the molecular and structural level, that are apparent when comparing the development of blood cells in hematopoietic organs of vertebrates and arthropods. Our comparative review is intended to elucidate aspects of the biology of blood stem cells that are more easily missed when focusing on one or a few model species.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Crozatier M;Ubeda JM;Vincent A;Meister M
通讯作者：
Meister M
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Han, SS;Lee, MH;Yoe, SM
通讯作者：
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11.8
作者：
Boutros, M;Agaisse, H;Perrimon, N
通讯作者：
Perrimon, N
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
OCONNOR, GM
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
FEIR, D;MCCLAIN, E
通讯作者：
MCCLAIN, E