The epidemiology of uric acid and fructose.
The epidemiology of uric acid and fructose.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.08.004
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Choi, Hyon K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rho, Young Hee;Zhu, Yanyan;Choi, Hyon K.
在过去的几十年中，平均血清尿酸水平和高尿酸血症的患病率在一般人群中似乎有所增加。相应地，痛风的患病率和发病率也翻了一番。这些趋势背后的潜在原因包括肥胖和代谢综合征的患病率增加，西方生活方式因素，医疗状况（例如肾脏疾病，高血压和心血管疾病）的患病率增加以及使用增加尿酸水平的药物（例如利尿剂和低剂量阿司匹林）。含糖软饮料和相关果糖消费的大幅增加也与高尿酸血症和痛风的长期趋势相吻合。最近，几项大规模的流行病学研究已经澄清了一些长期怀疑的与高尿酸血症和痛风有关的危险因素。此外，最近的研究已经阐明了高尿酸血症和痛风的实质性合并症，特别是代谢-心血管-肾脏疾病。虽然许多前瞻性研究表明血清尿酸水平与心血管代谢性疾病和死亡率的未来风险之间存在独立关联，但最近只有有限数量的随机临床试验和观察性研究表明，使用别嘌呤醇可以对这些结果有益。由于这些数据很少，而且别嘌呤醇的作用可能不限于降低血清尿酸水平，因此尿酸对这些结果的潜在因果作用仍有待进一步研究来阐明。
During the past few decades, the mean serum uric acid levels and the prevalence of hyperuricemia in the general population appear to have increased. Correspondingly, the prevalence and incidence of gout have doubled. Potential reasons behind these trends include the increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, western life-style factors, increased prevalence of medical conditions (e.g. renal conditions, hypertension, and cardiovascular disorders) and use of medications that increase uric acid levels (e.g. diuretics and low-dose aspirin). The substantial increase in sugar-sweetened soft drinks and associated fructose consumption has also coincided with the secular trend of hyperuricemia and gout. Recently, several large-scale epidemiologic studies have clarified a number of these long-suspected risk factors in relation with hyperuricemia and gout. Furthermore, recent studies have illuminated the substantial comorbidities of hyperuricemia and gout, particularly metabolic-cardiovascular-renal conditions. While many prospective studies have suggested an independent association between serum uric acid levels and the future risk of cardiovascular-metabolic morbidities and mortality, only a limited number of randomized clinical trials and observational studies have recently demonstrated that the use of allopurinol can be beneficial against these outcomes. As these data are scarce and the effects of allopurinol might not be limited to lowering serum uric acid levels, the potential causal role of uric acid on these outcomes remains to be clarified with further studies.
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影响因子：
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