Quantifying risk factors for human brucellosis in rural northern Tanzania.
Quantifying risk factors for human brucellosis in rural northern Tanzania.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0009968
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Cleaveland S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
John K;Fitzpatrick J;French N;Kazwala R;Kambarage D;Mfinanga GS;MacMillan A;Cleaveland S
布鲁氏菌病是一种在大多数发展中国家具有兽医、公共卫生和经济意义的人畜共患病。人类布鲁氏菌病是一种严重的衰弱性疾病，需要长期联合使用抗生素治疗。这种疾病可能导致永久性和致残的后遗症，除了因工作时间损失而造成的收入损失外，还导致相当大的医疗费用。在坦桑尼亚北方进行了一项研究，以确定坦桑尼亚布鲁氏菌病传播给人类的风险因素。这是一项配对病例对照研究。任何通过竞争性ELISA（c-ELISA）检测布鲁氏菌病的阳性结果，并在选定的医院就诊，至少有两种提示布鲁氏菌病的临床特征，如头痛、反复或持续发热、出汗、关节疼痛、关节肿胀、全身不适或背痛的患者，均被定义为病例。对于每一个地区的情况下，相应的控制跟踪和匹配的性别采用多级整群抽样。作为对照纳入的其他标准包括阴性c-ELISA试验结果，以及如果福尔斯患病，匹配的个体将前往医院。多因素分析表明，布鲁氏菌病与牛、绵羊或山羊流产期间的辅助分娩有关。结果表明，居住在其他家庭附近的个人患布鲁氏菌病的风险较高。与其他宗教信仰相比，基督教信仰的人患布鲁氏菌病的风险更高。该研究的结论是，帮助流产的动物，邻近社区和基督教与布鲁氏菌病感染有关。人类布鲁氏菌病和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）血清状态之间没有关联。在牲畜的辅助分娩过程中保护人类不接触液体和组织可能是降低布鲁氏菌病从牲畜转移到人类的风险的重要手段。这些目标可以通过对布鲁氏菌病常见的社区进行健康教育来实现。
Brucellosis is a zoonosis of veterinary, public health and economic significance in most developing countries. Human brucellosis is a severely debilitating disease that requires prolonged treatment with a combination of antibiotics. The disease can result in permanent and disabling sequel, and results in considerable medical expenses in addition to loss of income due to loss of working hours. A study was conducted in Northern Tanzania to determine the risk factors for transmission of brucellosis to humans in Tanzania. This was a matched case-control study. Any patient with a positive result by a competitive ELISA (c-ELISA) test for brucellosis, and presenting to selected hospitals with at least two clinical features suggestive of brucellosis such as headache, recurrent or continuous fever, sweating, joint pain, joint swelling, general body malaise or backache, was defined as a case. For every case in a district, a corresponding control was traced and matched by sex using multistage cluster sampling. Other criteria for inclusion as a control included a negative c-ELISA test result and that the matched individual would present to hospital if falls sick. Multivariable analysis showed that brucellosis was associated with assisted parturition during abortion in cattle, sheep or goat. It was shown that individuals living in close proximity to other households had a higher risk of brucellosis. People who were of Christian religion were found to have a higher risk of brucellosis compared to other religions. The study concludes that assisting an aborting animal, proximity to neighborhoods, and Christianity were associated with brucellosis infection. There was no association between human brucellosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) serostatus. Protecting humans against contact with fluids and tissues during assisted parturition of livestock may be an important means of reducing the risk of transferring brucellosis from livestock to humans. These can be achieved through health education to the communities where brucellosis is common.
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DOI：
10.1016/0035-9203(92)90575-w
发表时间：
1992-03-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
COOPER, CW
DOI：
10.1016/0035-9203(95)90508-1
发表时间：
1995-03-01
影响因子：
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影响因子：
13.6
作者：
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
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影响因子：
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