E-Cigarettes, the FDA's Strategic Orientation, and Lessons from the Opioid Crisis.

E-Cigarettes, the FDA's Strategic Orientation, and Lessons from the Opioid Crisis.
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DOI:
10.1080/15265161.2022.2110968
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发表时间:
2022-10
影响因子:
13.4
通讯作者:
del Pozo, Brandon
del Pozo, Brandon
中科院分区:
人文科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Monaghan, Jake;del Pozo, Brandon

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虽然电子尼古丁输送系统(ENDS)为人们提供了相同的尼古丁,构成了他们身体成瘾的基础,但没有证据表明电子尼古丁输送系统(ENDS)具有与可燃香烟相当的致癌作用,或导致吸烟引起的呼吸系统疾病(美国国家科学院工程和医学2018),并且有大量共识认为,仅使用ENDS比使用烟草具有更好的健康结果(Goodwin and Barrington-Trimis 2022)。因此,一种减少尼古丁成瘾危害的方法建议美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)应该向公众传达这一知识,这样人们就可以选择使用比可燃香烟更安全的方式来管理他们的尼古丁成瘾。然而,在“电子烟和FDA的多重责任”中,Svirsky,霍华德和伯曼(2022)反对这种说法,认为目前FDA应该在这个问题上保持沉默,以解决其相互冲突的角色责任。我们认为他们的观点有两个问题。首先,从道德心理学的角度来看,它低估了政府减少吸烟危害的责任,这可能是由于这些危害的远距离性。第二个是没有认真对待FDA传播目前最好的健康知识的义务,而是允许其“实际权威”的角色掩盖了这一责任。
While providing people with the same nicotine that forms the basis of their physical addiction, there is no available evidence that electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have carcinogenic effects comparable to combustible cigarettes, or cause the respiratory diseases attributable to smoking (National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine 2018), and there is substantial consensus that the exclusive use of ENDS has better health outcomes than tobacco use (Goodwin and Barrington-Trimis 2022). A harm reduction approach to nicotine addiction therefore suggests the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) should convey this knowledge to the public, so people can opt to manage their nicotine addiction using a safer means than combustible cigarettes. However, in “E-cigarettes and the Multiple Responsibilities of the FDA,” Svirsky, Howard, and Berman (2022) argue against this claim, contending that for now, the FDA should remain silent on this matter to resolve its conflicting role responsibilities. We’ll argue their view has two problems. The first is that, as a matter of moral psychology, it underestimates the government’s obligation to reduce the harms of combustible cigarette smoking, perhaps due to the distal nature of those harms. The second is not taking seriously the obligation of the FDA to disseminate the best health knowledge available at present, instead allowing its “practical authority” role to overshadow this responsibility.
DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntab243
发表时间: 2022-03-26
期刊: Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
影响因子: --
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发表时间: 2013-10-18
影响因子: 4.4
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DOI: 10.1177/00914509211052107
发表时间: 2022-03
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通讯作者: Del Pozo B
DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2021.1907478
发表时间: 2021-04-15
影响因子: 13.4
作者:
Svirsky, Larisa;Howard, Dana;Berman, Micah L.
通讯作者: Berman, Micah L.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108139
发表时间: 2020-12
影响因子: 3.9
作者:
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通讯作者: Rich JD