Epidemiology of influenza in Ethiopia: findings from influenza sentinel surveillance and respiratory infection outbreak investigations, 2009-2015.
Epidemiology of influenza in Ethiopia: findings from influenza sentinel surveillance and respiratory infection outbreak investigations, 2009-2015.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12879-018-3365-5
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发表时间：
2018-09-03
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Jima D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woyessa AB;Mengesha M;Belay D;Tayachew A;Ayele W;Beyene B;Kassa W;Zemelak E;Demissie G;Amare B;Boulanger L;Granados C;Williams T;Tareke I;Rajatonirina S;Jima D
流行性感冒是一种急性病毒性呼吸道疾病，其特征是发热、头痛、肌痛、虚脱、鼻炎、喉咙痛和咳嗽。在全球范围内，估计每年发生300万至500万例严重流感病例和291243 - 645832例季节性流感相关呼吸道死亡。 尽管一些非洲国家最近努力描述流感疾病的负担和季节性，但包括埃塞俄比亚在内的绝大多数国家的数据都缺失。埃塞俄比亚于2008年建立了流感哨点监测，旨在确定该国流行的流感毒株，了解流感病毒的特征、趋势和负担。我们使用了2009年至2015年哨点监测点和呼吸道疾病暴发调查的流感数据进行分析。我们通过监测三个卫生中心的流感样疾病（ILI）患者，五家医院的严重急性呼吸道感染（SARI）患者以及在不同呼吸道感染爆发期间调查患者来获得数据。使用冷链系统，在采集后72 h内将病毒转运培养基中的咽拭子标本转运至国家参考实验室。我们从咽拭子中提取病毒RNA并进行实时PCR扩增。我们使用CDC实时逆转录PCR方案进一步对甲型流感阳性标本进行亚型分型和表征。共采集4962份咽拭子样本，其中4799份（96.7%）进行了检测。其中988例（20.6%）为流感阳性，其中349例（35.3%）为季节性甲型流感（H3 N2），321例（32.5%）为甲型流感（H1N1）pdm 2009，318例（32.0%）为乙型流感（B）。5-14岁人群的阳性率为29.5%，15-44岁为26.4%，> 44岁为21.2%，5岁以下儿童为6.4%。11月的阳性率最高（37.5%），其次是3月（27.6%）、12月（26.4%）、10月（24.4%）和1月（24.3%），而8月的阳性率最低（7.7%）。在埃塞俄比亚，2009-2015年期间流行季节性甲型流感（H3 N2）、甲型流感（H1 N1）pdm 2009和流感B病毒。阳性率和病例数在11月和12月达到高峰。流感是埃塞俄比亚的公共卫生问题之一，需要引入流感疫苗和抗病毒药物对预防和治疗该疾病至关重要。
Influenza is an acute viral disease of the respiratory tract which is characterized by fever, headache, myalgia, prostration, coryza, sore throat and cough. Globally, an estimated 3 to 5 million cases of severe influenza illness and 291 243–645 832 seasonal influenza-associated respiratory deaths occur annually. Although recent efforts from some African countries to describe burden of influenza disease and seasonality, these data are missing for the vast majority, including Ethiopia. Ethiopia established influenza sentinel surveillance in 2008 aiming to determine influenza strains circulating in the country and know characteristics, trend and burden of influenza viruses. We used influenza data from sentinel surveillance sites and respiratory disease outbreak investigations from 2009 to 2015 for this analysis. We obtained the data by monitoring patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) at three health-centers, severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) at five hospitals and investigating patients during different respiratory infection outbreaks. Throat-swab specimens in viral transport media were transported to the national reference laboratory within 72 h of collection using a cold-chain system. We extracted viral RNA from throat-swabs and subjected to real-time PCR amplification. We further subtyped and characterized Influenza A-positive specimens using CDC real-time reverse transcription PCR protocol. A total of 4962 throat-swab samples were collected and 4799 (96.7%) of them were tested. Among them 988 (20.6%) were influenza-positive and of which 349 (35.3%) were seasonal influenza A(H3N2), 321 (32.5%) influenza A(H1N1)pdm2009 and 318 (32.0%) influenza B. Positivity rate was 29.5% in persons 5–14 years followed by 26.4% in 15–44 years, 21.2% in > 44 years and 6.4% in under five children. The highest positivity rate observed in November (37.5%) followed by March (27.6%), December (26.4%), October (24.4%) and January (24.3%) while the lowest positivity rate was in August (7.7%). In Ethiopia, seasonal Influenza A(H3N2), Influenza A(H1N1)pdm2009 and Influenza B viruses were circulating during 2009–2015. Positivity rate and number of cases peaked in November and December. Influenza is one of public health problems in Ethiopia and the need to introduce influenza vaccine and antivirus is important to prevent and treat the disease in future.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Peng, Zhibin;Feng, Luzhao;Yu, Hongjie
通讯作者：
Yu, Hongjie
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Lekana-Douki SE;Nkoghe D;Drosten C;Ngoungou EB;Drexler JF;Leroy EM
通讯作者：
Leroy EM
影响因子：
15.8
作者：
Viboud C;Alonso WJ;Simonsen L
通讯作者：
Simonsen L
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Nyatanyi, Thierry;Nkunda, Richard;Karema, Corine
通讯作者：
Karema, Corine