Examining the context benefit in older adults: A combined behavioral-electrophysiologic word identification study.
Examining the context benefit in older adults: A combined behavioral-electrophysiologic word identification study.
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检查老年人的上下文益处：一项结合行为-电生理学的单词识别研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108224
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发表时间：
2022-06-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Anderson, Samira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bieber, Rebecca E.;Brodbeck, Christian;Anderson, Samira
当收听降级语音时，收听者可以使用高级语义信息来支持识别。文献中包含了相互矛盾的发现，老年听众的能力，受益于语义线索识别语音，相对于年轻的听众。词汇通达（N400）的电生理（EEG）措施往往表明，语义背景并不有利于词汇通达在老年人的听众，相反，听觉行为研究表明，语义背景提高语音识别在老年人的听众一样多或更多的年轻听众。许多关于衰老和背景益处的行为研究都采用了信号退化或改变，而这种刺激操纵在EEG文献中并不存在，这可能是研究之间不一致的一个原因。在这里，我们比较了作为年龄和信号类型的函数的背景效益，使用EEG结合行为测量。非母语口音是一种常见的信号改变形式，许多老年人将其报告为日常语音识别中的挑战，用于测试。刺激包括英语和西班牙语为母语的英语句子，包含不同的完形填空概率的目标词。听众进行了一个字的识别任务，而32通道皮层反应记录。结果表明，老年人的单词识别性能较差的低可预测性和非母语的谈话条件下比年轻的成年人，复制早期的行为研究结果。然而，与年轻的听众相比，老年人的平均N400反应并没有减少或延迟，这表明预测处理能力没有与年龄相关的降低。在以前的文献中的差异的潜在来源进行了讨论。
When listening to degraded speech, listeners can use high-level semantic information to support recognition. The literature contains conflicting findings regarding older listeners’ ability to benefit from semantic cues in recognizing speech, relative to younger listeners. Electrophysiologic (EEG) measures of lexical access (N400) often show that semantic context does not facilitate lexical access in older listeners; in contrast, auditory behavioral studies indicate that semantic context improves speech recognition in older listeners as much or more as in younger listeners. Many behavioral studies of aging and the context benefit have employed signal degradation or alteration, whereas this stimulus manipulation has been absent in the EEG literature, a possible reason for the inconsistencies between studies. Here we compared the context benefit as a function of age and signal type, using EEG combined with behavioral measures. Non-native accent, a common form of signal alteration which many older adults report as a challenge in daily speech recognition, was utilized for testing. The stimuli included English sentences produced by native speakers of English and Spanish, containing target words differing in cloze probability. Listeners performed a word identification task while 32-channel cortical responses were recorded. Results show that older adults’ word identification performance was poorer in the low-predictability and non-native talker conditions than the younger adults, replicating earlier behavioral findings. However, older adults did not show reductions or delays in the average N400 response as compared to younger listeners, suggesting no age-related reduction in predictive processing capability. Potential sources for discrepancies in the prior literature are discussed.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Federmeier, Kara D.;Kutas, Marta;Schul, Rina
通讯作者：
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DOI：
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