Negligible-cost microfluidic device fabrication using 3D-printed interconnecting channel scaffolds.
Negligible-cost microfluidic device fabrication using 3D-printed interconnecting channel scaffolds.
复制标题
使用3D打印的互连通道支架，可忽略的成本微流体装置制造。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0245206
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Diaz-Gaxiola A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Felton H;Hughes R;Diaz-Gaxiola A
本文报道了一种新颖的、成本可忽略不计的开源工艺，用于使用3d打印的互连微通道支架快速成型复杂的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）微流控装置。这些单挤出支架被设计成具有相互连接的两端，用于快速配置复杂的微流控系统，然后嵌入PDMS中以产生微流控配置的印记。使用普通的材料挤压（MEX） 3D打印机打印支架，并评估了该工艺的局限性、成本和可靠性。通过对现成的打印机进行修改，标准MEX 3d打印的极限是实现100×100 μm的最小通道横截面。该论文还提出了一种从热塑性3d打印支架快速制造低成本微流控通道模具的方案，允许在没有专业设备的情况下制造可定制的微流控系统。用该方法制备的PDMS微通道的形态被表征，当直接应用于玻璃时，没有等离子体表面处理，显示出在商业微流体装置的典型工作压力下有效地工作。通过两种常见的微流控装置的演示，进一步验证了该技术；演示有效互连支架设计的流体混合器和微球液滴发生器。制造成本最低意味着一个5000个混合匹配通道支架（100 μm尺度）的物理库可以以0.50美元的价格打印出来，并提供给缺乏适当技术的研究人员和教育工作者。这种简单而创新的方法大大降低了微流体研究和教育的门槛，并将使世界各地真正负担得起的即时护理实验室芯片诊断技术的快速原型成为可能。
This paper reports a novel, negligible-cost and open-source process for the rapid prototyping of complex microfluidic devices in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using 3D-printed interconnecting microchannel scaffolds. These single-extrusion scaffolds are designed with interconnecting ends and used to quickly configure complex microfluidic systems before being embedded in PDMS to produce an imprint of the microfluidic configuration. The scaffolds are printed using common Material Extrusion (MEX) 3D printers and the limits, cost & reliability of the process are evaluated. The limits of standard MEX 3D-printing with off-the-shelf printer modifications is shown to achieve a minimum channel cross-section of 100×100 μm. The paper also lays out a protocol for the rapid fabrication of low-cost microfluidic channel moulds from the thermoplastic 3D-printed scaffolds, allowing the manufacture of customisable microfluidic systems without specialist equipment. The morphology of the resulting PDMS microchannels fabricated with the method are characterised and, when applied directly to glass, without plasma surface treatment, are shown to efficiently operate within the typical working pressures of commercial microfluidic devices. The technique is further validated through the demonstration of 2 common microfluidic devices; a fluid-mixer demonstrating the effective interconnecting scaffold design, and a microsphere droplet generator. The minimal cost of manufacture means that a 5000-piece physical library of mix-and-match channel scaffolds (100 μm scale) can be printed for ~$0.50 and made available to researchers and educators who lack access to appropriate technology. This simple yet innovative approach dramatically lowers the threshold for research and education into microfluidics and will make possible the rapid prototyping of point-of-care lab-on-a-chip diagnostic technology that is truly affordable the world over.
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