Dissociable roles of medial orbitofrontal cortex in human operant extinction learning.
Dissociable roles of medial orbitofrontal cortex in human operant extinction learning.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.08.021
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发表时间：
2008-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Blair RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finger EC;Mitchell DG;Jones M;Blair RJ
操作性消退是生物体在动态环境中学习的一种重要形式，其特征是随着相关强化的变化而改变对刺激的工具反应。动物研究强调眶、内侧前额叶皮层和杏仁核是操作性灭绝的中介。然而，人们对人类操作性灭绝学习的神经介质知之甚少。使用一种新的功能磁共振成像范式，我们报告了在成功的食欲和厌恶性操作消退过程中，内侧眶额叶皮层（mOFC）不同区域的可分离功能反应。在成功的操作消失过程中，相对于(i)与刺激相关的强化没有改变的成功对照试验，观察到额极OFC的活动增加，而尾侧mOFC和吻侧前扣带皮层（rACC）的活动减少；（ii）在刺激-强化关联的初始学习过程中成功的习得试验。功能连接分析表明，额极OFC与rACC和杏仁核之间存在反向连接。这些数据支持动物模型，表明mOFC -杏仁核相互作用在操作性灭绝过程中的重要性，并扩展了我们对人类神经系统的认识。这些发现表明，在人类成功的操作性消失学习过程中，额极OFC调节尾侧mOFC、rACC和杏仁核的活动。
Operant extinction, which features modification of instrumental responses to stimuli following a change in associated reinforcement, is an important form of learning for organisms in dynamic environments. Animal studies have highlighted orbital and medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala as mediators of operant extinction. Yet little is known about the neural mediators of operant extinction learning in humans. Using a novel fMRI paradigm, we report dissociable functional responses in distinct regions of medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) during successful appetitive and aversive based operant extinction. During successful operant extinction, increased activity was observed in frontopolar OFC, while decreased activity was observed in caudal mOFC and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) relative to both (i) successful control trials where the reinforcement associated with the stimulus does not change; and (ii) successful acquisition trials during initial learning of the stimulus- reinforcement associations. Functional connectivity analysis demonstrated inverse connectivity between frontopolar OFC and both rACC and the amygdala. These data support animal models suggesting the importance of mOFC - amygdala interaction during operant extinction and expand our knowledge of the neural systems in humans. These findings suggest that in humans, frontopolar OFC modulates activity in caudal mOFC, rACC and amygdala during successful operant extinction learning.
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