The environment contributes more than genetics to smaller hippocampal volume in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
The environment contributes more than genetics to smaller hippocampal volume in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.10.042
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Vaccarino V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bremner JD;Hoffman M;Afzal N;Cheema FA;Novik O;Ashraf A;Brummer M;Nazeer A;Goldberg J;Vaccarino V
使用结构磁共振成像（MRI）体积测量的研究显示，创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者的海马体积较小。这些研究是横截面的，并没有解决是否较小的体积是继发于应力引起的损伤，或是否预先存在的因素解释的结果。本研究的目的是采用双胞胎病例对照设计，以评估遗传和环境因素对PTSD海马体积的相对贡献。单卵（N = 13对）和双卵（N = 21对）双胞胎，具有越南时代的军事服务史，其中一个兄弟去越南并发展PTSD，而他的兄弟没有去越南或发展PTSD，接受大脑的MR成像。使用结构MRI扫描在多个冠状切片上手动勾画左侧和右侧海马，添加区域并调整切片厚度以确定海马体积。患有越战相关PTSD的双胞胎与没有经历过战斗或PTSD的双胞胎相比，其右侧海马体积平均小11%（p <0.05）。接合性没有显着的相互作用，表明这不是易感风险因素或遗传效应。这些发现与创伤后应激障碍患者海马体积较小一致，并表明这些影响主要是由于环境影响，如战斗压力。
Studies using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumetrics showed smaller hippocampal volume in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These studies were cross-sectional and did not address whether smaller volume is secondary to stress-induced damage, or whether pre-existing factors account for the findings. The purpose of this study was to use a co-twin case control design to assess the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to hippocampal volume in PTSD. Monozygotic (N = 13 pairs) and dizygotic (N = 21 pairs) twins with a history of Vietnam Era military service, where one brother went to Vietnam and developed PTSD, while his brother did not go to Vietnam or develop PTSD, underwent MR imaging of the brain. Structural MRI scans were used to manually outline the left and right hippocampus on multiple coronal slices, add the areas and adjust for slice thickness to determine hippocampal volume. Twins with Vietnam combat-related PTSD had a mean 11% smaller right hippocampal volume in comparison to their twin brothers without combat exposure or PTSD (p < .05). There was no significant interaction by zygosity, suggesting that this was not a predisposing risk factor or genetic effect. These findings are consistent with smaller hippocampal volume in PTSD, and suggest that the effects are primarily due to environmental effects such as the stress of combat.
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