Strategies affording prevascularized cell-based constructs for myocardial tissue engineering.

Strategies affording prevascularized cell-based constructs for myocardial tissue engineering.
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DOI:
10.1155/2014/434169
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Guarnieri C
Guarnieri C
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Muscari C;Giordano E;Bonafè F;Govoni M;Guarnieri C

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生产一种可移植到梗死心肌损伤区域的功能性心脏组织,对再生医学来说是一项挑战。由于灌注不足,大多数基于细胞的移植物无法存活;因此,血管预构可能是心肌组织工程的一种合适方法。为此,具有向血管和心肌表型分化潜能的细胞已在二维或三维合适的支架中共同培养。除了这些基本方法外,还采用了更复杂的策略,如使用混合细胞片、微血管模块以及血管外植体的吻合。对血管细胞进行空间控制的技术,如表面地形粗糙化和有序图案化,是驱动支架血管化的其他方法。最后,施加机械应力的微流体装置和生物反应器也已被用于高通量放大生产,以加速肌肉分化和内皮化进程。未来的研究应解决诸如如何优化细胞、生物材料和生化成分等问题,以改善构建体在心脏壁内的血管整合,满足心肌组织的代谢和功能需求。
The production of a functional cardiac tissue to be transplanted in the injured area of the infarcted myocardium represents a challenge for regenerative medicine. Most cell-based grafts are unviable because of inadequate perfusion; therefore, prevascularization might be a suitable approach for myocardial tissue engineering. To this aim, cells with a differentiation potential towards vascular and cardiac muscle phenotypes have been cocultured in 2D or 3D appropriate scaffolds. In addition to these basic approaches, more sophisticated strategies have been followed employing mixed-cell sheets, microvascular modules, and inosculation from vascular explants. Technologies exerting spatial control of vascular cells, such as topographical surface roughening and ordered patterning, represent other ways to drive scaffold vascularization. Finally, microfluidic devices and bioreactors exerting mechanical stress have also been employed for high-throughput scaling-up production in order to accelerate muscle differentiation and speeding the endothelialization process. Future research should address issues such as how to optimize cells, biomaterials, and biochemical components to improve the vascular integration of the construct within the cardiac wall, satisfying the metabolic and functional needs of the myocardial tissue.
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