SARS-CoV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as proxies for plaque reduction neutralisation tests.

SARS-CoV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as proxies for plaque reduction neutralisation tests.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-022-07263-8
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发表时间:
2022-03-01
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Adams ER
Adams ER
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kay GA;Owen SI;Giorgi E;Clark DJ;Williams CT;Menzies S;Cuevas LE;Davies BMO;Eckersley NM;Hughes GL;Kirwan DE;Krishna S;Patterson EI;Planche T;Staines HM;Adams ER

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严重急性呼吸道冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)自2019年出现以来,已在全球范围内传播。大多数SARS-CoV-2感染会产生免疫反应,导致免疫球蛋白(IG)M、A和G水平升高,可使用包括酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)在内的诊断试验进行检测。虽然暗示先前的SARS-CoV-2感染,但通过ELISA检测IG并不能保证存在可以防止病毒感染细胞的中和抗体(NAb)。空斑减少中和试验(PRNT)检测NAb,但不适合大规模测试,因为它们需要几天时间,并需要在高生物防护实验室中使用SARS-CoV-2。我们评估了靶向SARS-CoV-2刺突亚基1受体结合域(S1-RBD)、刺突亚基2(S2)和核衣壳蛋白(NP)的IgG和IgM ELISA预测PRNT测定的NAb的存在和大小的能力。IgG S2 + NP ELISA在预测NAb的存在(PRNT 80> 1:40)时是96.8% [95%CI 83.8- 99.9]的敏感性和88.9% [95%CI 51.8-99.7]的特异性。IgG和IgM S1-RBD ELISA与PRNT滴度相关,较高的ELISA结果增加了稳健中和反应的可能性。IgM S1-RBD检测可用作快速、高通量检测,以近似NAb滴度的大小。
Severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally since its emergence in 2019. Most SARS-CoV-2 infections generate immune responses leading to rising levels of immunoglobulins (Ig) M, A and G which can be detected using diagnostic tests including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Whilst implying previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, the detection of Ig by ELISA does not guarantee the presence of neutralising antibodies (NAb) that can prevent the virus infecting cells. Plaque reduction neutralisation tests (PRNT) detect NAb, but are not amenable to mass testing as they take several days and require use of SARS-CoV-2 in high biocontainment laboratories. We evaluated the ability of IgG and IgM ELISAs targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike subunit 1 receptor binding domain (S1-RBD), and spike subunit 2 (S2) and nucleocapsid protein (NP), at predicting the presence and magnitude of NAb determined by PRNT. IgG S2 + NP ELISA was 96.8% [95% CI 83.8–99.9] sensitive and 88.9% [95% CI 51.8–99.7] specific at predicting the presence of NAbs (PRNT80 > 1:40). IgG and IgM S1-RBD ELISAs correlated with PRNT titre, with higher ELISA results increasing the likelihood of a robust neutralising response. The IgM S1-RBD assay can be used as a rapid, high throughput test to approximate the magnitude of NAb titre.
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期刊: Viruses
影响因子: --
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