Human immune response against salivary antigens of Simulium damnosum s.l.: A new epidemiological marker for exposure to blackfly bites in onchocerciasis endemic areas.
Human immune response against salivary antigens of Simulium damnosum s.l.: A new epidemiological marker for exposure to blackfly bites in onchocerciasis endemic areas.
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盘尾丝虫病流行区黑蝇叮咬暴露的一种新的流行病学标志：人对黑蝇唾液抗原的免疫反应。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009512
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发表时间：
2021-06
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Volf P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Willen L;Basáñez MG;Dvorak V;Veriegh FBD;Aboagye FT;Idun B;Osman ME;Osei-Atweneboana MY;Courtenay O;Volf P
大菱鲆黑蝇传播盘尾丝虫，一种引起人类盘尾丝虫病的丝虫线虫。人类登陆渔获物（HLC）是目前用于估计黑蝇叮咬率的唯一方法，但劳动密集型和道德上的问题。一种潜在的替代方法是测量吸血过程中沉积的载体唾液的宿主抗体。在这项研究中，免疫测定，以定量人抗体反应的S。达姆诺瑟姆公司唾液中的蛋白质组，并与S。达姆诺瑟姆公司被查在雨季采集了加纳盘尾丝虫病流行地区居民的血样;将生活在无黑蝇地区阿克拉居民的血样作为阴性对照，并与苏丹无黑蝇地区的血样进行比较。通过HLCs收集黑蝇并解剖以提取它们的唾液腺。ELISA法检测抗-S。达姆诺瑟姆公司优化唾液IgG和IgM，并用于定量958个个体的体液免疫应答。这两种免疫测定区分阴性对照与地方病参与者。唾液蛋白通过凝胶电泳分离，抗原蛋白通过免疫印迹显现。采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术（LC-MS/MS）对S.达姆诺瑟姆公司唾液腺几种抗原蛋白被识别，主要的位于15和40 kDa左右。LC-MS/MS鉴定了抗原5相关蛋白、腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶/核苷酸酶和透明质酸酶的存在。这项研究首次验证了人类免疫测定，量化体液免疫反应作为暴露于黑蝇叮咬的潜在标志物。这些试验有可能促进了解接触模式以及评估病媒控制对叮咬率的影响。未来的研究需要调查这些抗体反应的季节性波动，与其他吸血节肢动物的潜在交叉反应，并彻底确定最具免疫原性的蛋白质。测量吸血节肢动物的叮咬率已被证明是了解传播动力学和评估病媒传播疾病防治措施的重要工具。黑蝇的S。广义Damnosum（s.l.）盘尾丝虫复合体是盘尾丝虫的主要媒介，盘尾丝虫是一种丝状线虫，是非洲人类盘尾丝虫病（或河盲症）的病原体。黑蝇的叮咬率通常由人类引诱剂载体收集器测量，这些收集器在寻找宿主的雌性苍蝇落在皮肤上但在它们吸血之前捕获它们。除了这种方法引起的伦理问题之外，由此获得的估计并不能反映媒介叮咬的真实暴露情况。了解是否有人比其他人受到更多的叮咬，以及谁可能有更高的感染风险，对于建立控制干预措施的模型至关重要。因此，在本研究中，我们开发了基于IgG和IgM的免疫测定来定量人群中对唾液链球菌抗原的抗体应答。达姆诺瑟姆公司在加纳的盘尾丝虫病流行社区。对S.达姆诺瑟姆公司还研究了唾液腺以潜在地鉴定可用作针对该重要载体组的暴露标记物的唾液抗原。
Simulium damnosum sensu lato (s.l.) blackflies transmit Onchocerca volvulus, a filarial nematode that causes human onchocerciasis. Human landing catches (HLCs) is currently the sole method used to estimate blackfly biting rates but is labour-intensive and questionable on ethical grounds. A potential alternative is to measure host antibodies to vector saliva deposited during bloodfeeding. In this study, immunoassays to quantify human antibody responses to S. damnosum s.l. saliva were developed, and the salivary proteome of S. damnosum s.l. was investigated. Blood samples from people living in onchocerciasis-endemic areas in Ghana were collected during the wet season; samples from people living in Accra, a blackfly-free area, were considered negative controls and compared to samples from blackfly-free locations in Sudan. Blackflies were collected by HLCs and dissected to extract their salivary glands. An ELISA measuring anti-S. damnosum s.l. salivary IgG and IgM was optimized and used to quantify the humoral immune response of 958 individuals. Both immunoassays differentiated negative controls from endemic participants. Salivary proteins were separated by gel-electrophoresis, and antigenic proteins visualized by immunoblot. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was performed to characterize the proteome of S. damnosum s.l. salivary glands. Several antigenic proteins were recognized, with the major ones located around 15 and 40 kDa. LC–MS/MS identified the presence of antigen 5-related protein, apyrase/nucleotidase, and hyaluronidase. This study validated for the first time human immunoassays that quantify humoral immune responses as potential markers of exposure to blackfly bites. These assays have the potential to facilitate understanding patterns of exposure as well as evaluating the impact of vector control on biting rates. Future studies need to investigate seasonal fluctuations of these antibody responses, potential cross-reactions with other bloodsucking arthropods, and thoroughly identify the most immunogenic proteins. Measuring biting rates of bloodsucking arthropods has been proved to be a crucial tool in understanding transmission dynamics and evaluating control measures against vector-borne diseases. Blackflies of the S. damnosum sensu lato (s.l.) complex are the prime vectors of Onchocerca volvulus, a filarial nematode and causative agent of human onchocerciasis (or river blindness) in Africa. Blackfly biting rates are typically measured by human attractant vector collectors who capture host-seeking female flies as they alight on their skin but before they take a blood meal. Apart from the ethical concerns raised by this method, estimates thus obtained do not reflect true exposure to vector bites. An understanding of whether there are people who receive more bites than others and who may be at higher risk of acquiring the infection is crucial to modelling control interventions. Therefore, in the present study we developed IgG- and IgM-based immunoassays to quantify antibody responses in human populations to salivary antigens of S. damnosum s.l. in onchocerciasis-endemic communities of Ghana. The proteome of S. damnosum s.l. salivary glands was also investigated to potentially identify salivary antigens that could be employed as exposure markers against this important vector group.
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DOI：
10.1074/mcp.m113.034769
发表时间：
2014-01
期刊：
Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hebert AS;Richards AL;Bailey DJ;Ulbrich A;Coughlin EE;Westphall MS;Coon JJ
通讯作者：
Coon JJ
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Jacob BG;Loum D;Lakwo TL;Katholi CR;Habomugisha P;Byamukama E;Tukahebwa E;Cupp EW;Unnasch TR
通讯作者：
Unnasch TR
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2013.0559
发表时间：
2015-04-05
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cheke RA;Basáñez MG;Perry M;White MT;Garms R;Obuobie E;Lamberton PH;Young S;Osei-Atweneboana MY;Intsiful J;Shen M;Boakye DA;Wilson MD
通讯作者：
Wilson MD
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0684
发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Drame, Papa M.;Poinsignon, Anne;Remoue, Franck
通讯作者：
Remoue, Franck
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Hellberg, W.;Mellor, P. S.;Marti, E.
通讯作者：
Marti, E.