Deposition and biokinetics of inhaled nanoparticles.

Deposition and biokinetics of inhaled nanoparticles.
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DOI:
10.1186/1743-8977-7-2
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发表时间:
2010-01-20
影响因子:
10
通讯作者:
Kreyling WG
Kreyling WG
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Geiser M;Kreyling WG

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颗粒物生物学特性在可吸入颗粒物的危害识别和表征中具有重要意义。这些研究旨在将外部照射量转换为内部照射量或生物有效剂量,并可能有助于以此方式设定限度。在这里,我们专注于吸入的纳米尺寸的颗粒物的生物学特性相比,微米尺寸的。所提出的方法范围从吸入颗粒沉积概率和在呼吸道中的滞留到生物平衡和颗粒从呼吸道中的清除。考虑颗粒转运进入血液循环(易位),朝向次级靶器官和组织(蓄积),以及排出体外(清除)。呼吸道和次要靶器官中肉眼评估的微粒量为整个生物体水平的毒理学研究提供了剂量估计值。在单个颗粒水平上的补充显微镜分析提供了关于哪些细胞和亚细胞成分是吸入颗粒的目标的详细信息。这些研究有助于阐明吸入纳米颗粒最终导致不良健康影响的机制和作用模式。本文综述了目前颗粒沉积、滞留和清除的宏观和微观分析方法。现有的宏观知识粒子生物动力学和粒子器官相互作用的微观观点进行了讨论比较纳米和微米尺寸的颗粒。我们强调的重要性,定量分析和使用粒子剂量来自真实的世界曝光。
Particle biokinetics is important in hazard identification and characterization of inhaled particles. Such studies intend to convert external to internal exposure or biologically effective dose, and may help to set limits in that way. Here we focus on the biokinetics of inhaled nanometer sized particles in comparison to micrometer sized ones. The presented approach ranges from inhaled particle deposition probability and retention in the respiratory tract to biokinetics and clearance of particles out of the respiratory tract. Particle transport into the blood circulation (translocation), towards secondary target organs and tissues (accumulation), and out of the body (clearance) is considered. The macroscopically assessed amount of particles in the respiratory tract and secondary target organs provides dose estimates for toxicological studies on the level of the whole organism. Complementary, microscopic analyses at the individual particle level provide detailed information about which cells and subcellular components are the target of inhaled particles. These studies contribute to shed light on mechanisms and modes of action eventually leading to adverse health effects by inhaled nanoparticles. We review current methods for macroscopic and microscopic analyses of particle deposition, retention and clearance. Existing macroscopic knowledge on particle biokinetics and microscopic views on particle organ interactions are discussed comparing nanometer and micrometer sized particles. We emphasize the importance for quantitative analyses and the use of particle doses derived from real world exposures.
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影响因子: --
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