Arginine metabolism and its functions in growth, nutrient utilization, and immunonutrition of fish.
Arginine metabolism and its functions in growth, nutrient utilization, and immunonutrition of fish.
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精氨酸代谢及其在鱼类生长、营养利用和免疫营养中的作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.aninu.2021.03.006
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发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ai Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Q;Xu Z;Ai Q
鱼类内源性合成精氨酸的能力有限。精氨酸是鱼类不可缺少的氨基酸，精氨酸的需求量因鱼种和鱼的大小而异。最近对鱼类的研究表明，精氨酸影响营养代谢，刺激胰岛素释放，参与非特异性免疫反应和抗氧化反应，并提高抗病能力。具体地，精氨酸可以通过调节腺苷5 '-单磷酸（AMP）激活的蛋白激酶（AMPK）途径来调节能量稳态，并且还可以通过激活雷帕霉素靶点（TOR）信号传导途径来调节蛋白质合成。本文综述了鱼类精氨酸的营养需求、内源性兴奋和释放、内分泌和代谢系统的调节以及在病原菌攻击下的免疫调节功能。我们的研究结果表明，精氨酸进入特定细胞后的分布，其启动下游信号通路的亚细胞传感器，以及其对鱼类粘膜免疫的影响，特别是对不同物种病原体感染的适应性免疫反应，迫切需要进一步的数据。
Fish have limited ability in endogenous biosynthesis of arginine. Arginine is an indispensable amino acid for fish, and the arginine requirement varies with fish species and fish size. Recent studies on fish have demonstrated that arginine influences nutrient metabolism, stimulates insulin release, is involved in nonspecific immune responses and antioxidant responses, and elevates disease resistance. Specifically, arginine can regulate energy homeostasis via modulating the adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, and also regulate protein synthesis via activating the target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway. The present article reviews pertinent knowledge of arginine in fish, including dietary quantitative requirements, endogenous anabolism and catabolism, regulation of the endocrine and metabolic systems, and immune-regulatory functions under pathogenic challenge. Our findings showed that further data about the distribution of arginine after intake into specific cells, its sub-cellular sensor to initiate downstream signaling pathways, and its effects on fish mucosal immunity, especially the adaptive immune response against pathogenic infection in different species, are urgently needed.
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发表时间：
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