The effects of age, illustrations, and task variables on the performance of procedural assembly tasks.

The effects of age, illustrations, and task variables on the performance of procedural assembly tasks.
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年龄、插图和任务变量对程序装配任务性能的影响。

DOI:
10.1037//0882-7974.8.3.389
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发表时间:
1993
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Park,DC
Park,DC
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Morrell,RW;Park,DC

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老年人在程序性组装任务的执行中可能处于不利地位,因为与年龄相关的工作记忆操作能力下降。有人假设,在教学文本中添加插图可能会通过最小化老年人对工作记忆的加工需求来缩小与年龄相关的表现差异。在本研究中,年轻人和老年人根据三种类型的说明(纯文本、纯插图或文本和插图)构建了一系列三维物体。结果表明,与其他格式相比,由文本和插图组成的说明减少了这两个年龄组的构建错误。然而,在所有教学形式条件下,年轻人的表现都好于老年人。空间和言语工作记忆以及文本理解能力的测量解释了不同格式条件下与年龄相关的显著差异,但没有完全解释观察到的年龄差异。(心理信息数据库记录(C)2016 APA,保留所有权利)
Older adults may be disadvantaged in the performance of procedural assembly tasks because of age-related declines in working memory operations. It was hypothesized that adding illustrations to instructional text may lessen age-related performance differences by minimizing processing demands on working memory in the elderly. In the present study, younger and older adults constructed a series of 3-dimensional objects from 3 types of instructions (text only, illustration only, or text and illustrations). Results indicated that instructions consisting of text and illustrations reduced errors in construction for both age groups compared with the other formats. Younger adults, however, outperformed older adults under all instructional format conditions. Measures of spatial and verbal working memory and text comprehension ability accounted for substantial age-related variance across the different format conditions but did not fully account for the age differences observed.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.7.3.352
发表时间: 1992-09-01
影响因子: 3.7
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发表时间: 1981
期刊: The Journals of Gerontology
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