Signals of Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough, Decreased Hospitalization Rates, and Less Severe Disease in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Caused by the Omicron Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Houston, Texas.
Signals of Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough, Decreased Hospitalization Rates, and Less Severe Disease in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Caused by the Omicron Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Houston, Texas.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.01.007
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发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Musser JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christensen PA;Olsen RJ;Long SW;Snehal R;Davis JJ;Ojeda Saavedra M;Reppond K;Shyer MN;Cambric J;Gadd R;Thakur RM;Batajoo A;Mangham R;Pena S;Trinh T;Kinskey JC;Williams G;Olson R;Gollihar J;Musser JM
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)的基因变异继续戏剧性地改变冠状病毒病2019年(新冠肺炎)大流行的格局。最近描述的指定为OMICRON(B.1.1.529)的关注变体已在全球迅速传播，现在许多国家/地区的大多数新冠肺炎病例都是由该病毒引起的。由于奥美康是最近才被发现的，关于其流行病学、临床严重性和病程的许多知识空白。休斯顿卫理公会医疗保健系统对SARS-CoV-2进行的基因组测序研究发现，从2021年11月下旬到2022年1月5日，有症状的患者有4468名由奥美康引起的感染。奥美康在短短3周内迅速增加，导致了90%的新新冠肺炎病例，在研究结束时，导致了98%的新病例。与我们医疗保健系统中感染Alpha或Delta变种的患者相比，奥美康患者明显年轻，疫苗突破率显著提高，住院可能性显著降低。奥美康患者需要的呼吸支持强度较低，住院时间较短，与平均降低的疾病严重程度一致。两名Omicron隐形亚型BA.2的患者也被确认。这些数据记录了由奥米克龙变体在德克萨斯州休斯敦引起的新冠肺炎异常迅速的传播和增加的发生率，并解决了美国患者中缺乏关于疾病特征的信息的问题。
Genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continue to dramatically alter the landscape of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The recently described variant of concern designated Omicron (B.1.1.529) has rapidly spread worldwide and is now responsible for the majority of COVID-19 cases in many countries. Because Omicron was recognized recently, many knowledge gaps exist about its epidemiology, clinical severity, and disease course. A genome sequencing study of SARS-CoV-2 in the Houston Methodist health care system identified 4468 symptomatic patients with infections caused by Omicron from late November 2021 through January 5, 2022. Omicron rapidly increased in only 3 weeks to cause 90% of all new COVID-19 cases, and at the end of the study period caused 98% of new cases. Compared with patients infected with either Alpha or Delta variants in our health care system, Omicron patients were significantly younger, had significantly increased vaccine breakthrough rates, and were significantly less likely to be hospitalized. Omicron patients required less intense respiratory support and had a shorter length of hospital stay, consistent with on average decreased disease severity. Two patients with Omicron stealth sublineage BA.2 also were identified. The data document the unusually rapid spread and increased occurrence of COVID-19 caused by the Omicron variant in metropolitan Houston, Texas, and address the lack of information about disease character among US patients.
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DOI：
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