Evolutionary genomics of Staphylococcus aureus reveals insights into the origin and molecular basis of ruminant host adaptation.
Evolutionary genomics of Staphylococcus aureus reveals insights into the origin and molecular basis of ruminant host adaptation.
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DOI：
10.1093/gbe/evq031
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发表时间：
2010-07-12
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Fitzgerald JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guinane CM;Ben Zakour NL;Tormo-Mas MA;Weinert LA;Lowder BV;Cartwright RA;Smyth DS;Smyth CJ;Lindsay JA;Gould KA;Witney A;Hinds J;Bollback JP;Rambaut A;Penadés JR;Fitzgerald JR
表型生物分型传统上用于区分占据不同生态位（例如宿主物种）的细菌。例如，60 多年前报道的来自绵羊的金黄色葡萄球菌具有凝固反刍动物血浆的能力，导致了对小型反刍动物和牛金黄色葡萄球菌生态变种的描述。绝大多数小型反刍动物分离株以单一、广泛分布的金黄色葡萄球菌克隆复合体 (CC133) 为代表，但其进化起源及其宿主向性的分子基础仍然未知。在这里，我们提供的证据表明，CC133 克隆的进化是人类到反刍动物宿主跳跃以及适应性基因组多样化的结果。比较全基因组测序揭示了宿主适应的分子证据，包括基因衰退和参与宿主与病原体相互作用的蛋白质的多样化。重要的是，编码反刍动物活性减弱或增强的毒力蛋白的几种新型可移动遗传元件广泛分布在 CC133 分离株中，表明其在宿主特异性相互作用中发挥着关键作用。为了进一步研究这一点，我们检查了大多数 CC133 分离株中发现的新型葡萄球菌致病岛 (SaPIov2) 的活性，该岛编码染色体编码的冯维勒布兰德结合蛋白 (vWbpSov2) 的变体，此前已证明该蛋白对人血浆具有凝固酶活性。值得注意的是，我们发现 SaPIov2 具有凝固反刍动物血浆的能力，表明其在反刍动物疾病发病机制中发挥重要作用，并揭示了经典金黄色葡萄球菌生物分型方案的定义表型的起源。总而言之，这些数据为金黄色葡萄球菌反刍动物宿主特异性的起源和分子基础提供了广泛的新见解。
Phenotypic biotyping has traditionally been used to differentiate bacteria occupying distinct ecological niches such as host species. For example, the capacity of Staphylococcus aureus from sheep to coagulate ruminant plasma, reported over 60 years ago, led to the description of small ruminant and bovine S. aureus ecovars. The great majority of small ruminant isolates are represented by a single, widespread clonal complex (CC133) of S. aureus, but its evolutionary origin and the molecular basis for its host tropism remain unknown. Here, we provide evidence that the CC133 clone evolved as the result of a human to ruminant host jump followed by adaptive genome diversification. Comparative whole-genome sequencing revealed molecular evidence for host adaptation including gene decay and diversification of proteins involved in host–pathogen interactions. Importantly, several novel mobile genetic elements encoding virulence proteins with attenuated or enhanced activity in ruminants were widely distributed in CC133 isolates, suggesting a key role in its host-specific interactions. To investigate this further, we examined the activity of a novel staphylococcal pathogenicity island (SaPIov2) found in the great majority of CC133 isolates which encodes a variant of the chromosomally encoded von Willebrand-binding protein (vWbpSov2), previously demonstrated to have coagulase activity for human plasma. Remarkably, we discovered that SaPIov2 confers the ability to coagulate ruminant plasma suggesting an important role in ruminant disease pathogenesis and revealing the origin of a defining phenotype of the classical S. aureus biotyping scheme. Taken together, these data provide broad new insights into the origin and molecular basis of S. aureus ruminant host specificity.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Corrigan, Rebecca M.;Miajlovic, Helen;Foster, Timothy J.
通讯作者：
Foster, Timothy J.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Deringer, JR;Ely, RJ;Bohach, GA
通讯作者：
Bohach, GA
水平基因将人类MRSA病原体与传染性牛乳腺炎联系起来。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Brody T;Yavatkar AS;Lin Y;Ross J;Kuzin A;Kundu M;Fann Y;Odenwald WF
通讯作者：
Odenwald WF
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Drummond AJ;Ho SY;Phillips MJ;Rambaut A
通讯作者：
Rambaut A
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Eppinger, Mark;Baar, Claudia;Schuster, Stephan C.
通讯作者：
Schuster, Stephan C.