Body burdens of brominated flame retardants and other persistent organo-halogenated compounds and their descriptors in US girls.
Body burdens of brominated flame retardants and other persistent organo-halogenated compounds and their descriptors in US girls.
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溴化阻燃剂和其他持久性有机卤化化合物的身体负担及其对美国女孩的描述。
DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2010.01.004
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Kushi,LawrenceH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Windham,GayleC;Pinney,SusanM;Sjodin,Andreas;Lum,Raymond;Jones,RichardS;Needham,LarryL;Biro,FrankM;Hiatt,RobertA;Kushi,LawrenceH
背景：溴化阻燃剂在美国人口中的含量正在增加，但关于这些和其他持久性激素活性剂（HAAs）在学龄儿童中的身体负担的数据很少。接触这类化学品可能影响与发育和生殖功能有关的若干健康结果。目的了解儿童多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）、多氯联苯（PCBs）和滴滴涕/DDE等有机氯农药（ocp）生物标志物的分布及其关键描述变量的变化情况。方法在一项多地点的纵向研究中，对6 - 8岁基线时不同种族的女孩进行了生长和青春期发育的跟踪研究。来自加利福尼亚和俄亥俄州的近600份血清样本进行了血脂、35份多氯联苯同系物、11份多溴二苯醚同系物和9份ocp分析。在调整后的模型中，对所选分析物的年龄、种族、地点、体重指数（BMI）、父母教育程度、产妇分娩年龄和母乳喂养等类别进行了生物标志物分布检查和几何均值比较。结果在70%以上的样本中检出6种多溴二苯醚同系物，其中浓度最高的为BDE-47，中位数为42.2，范围为4.9 ~ 855ng/g脂质。加州女孩的调整几何平均（GM）多溴二苯醚水平明显高于俄亥俄州女孩。此外，黑人所有六种PBDE同系物的调整gmms显著高于白人，西班牙裔具有中间值。在更肥胖的女孩中，GMs往往更低，而其他变量没有很强的相关性。相比之下，黑人和西班牙裔人中最常检测到的六种多氯联苯同系物的gmms明显低于白人。多氯联苯和三种最常被检测到的农药，在那些没有母乳喂养、母亲较年轻或照顾者（通常是父母）受教育程度较低的高BMI女孩中也一直较低。加州女孩对农药和大多数多氯联苯同系物的gmms高于俄亥俄州，但对CB-99和-118的gmms则相反。结论在几乎所有这些年轻女孩中都检测到几种潜在的HAAs，其中一些水平相对较高，随地理位置和其他可能反映暴露途径的人口因素而变化。加州较高的多溴二苯醚水平可能反映了消防法规和安全法规的差异，并具有潜在的政策影响。
BACKGROUNDLevels of brominated flame retardants are increasing in US populations, yet little data are available on body burdens of these and other persistent hormonally active agents (HAAs) in school-aged children. Exposures to such chemicals may affect a number of health outcomes related to development and reproductive function.OBJECTIVEDetermine the distribution of biomarkers of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organo-chlorinated pesticides (OCPs), such as DDT/DDE, in children, and their variation by key descriptor variables.METHODSEthnically diverse cohorts of girls 6–8y old at baseline are being followed for growth and pubertal development in a multi-site, longitudinal study. Nearly 600 serum samples from the California and Ohio sites were analyzed for lipids, 35 PCB congeners, 11 PBDE congeners, and 9 OCPs. The biomarker distributions were examined and geometric means compared for selected analytes across categories of age, race, site, body mass index (BMI), parental education, maternal age at delivery, and breast feeding in adjusted models.RESULTSSix PBDE congeners were detected among greater than 70% of samples, with BDE-47 having the highest concentration (median 42.2, range 4.9–855ng/g lipid). Girls in California had adjusted geometric mean (GM) PBDE levels significantly higher than girls in Ohio. Furthermore, Blacks had significantly higher adjusted GMs of all six PBDE congeners than Whites, and Hispanics had intermediate values. GMs tended to be lower among more obese girls, while other variables were not strongly associated. In contrast, GMs of the six PCB congeners most frequently detected were significantly lower among Blacks and Hispanics than Whites. PCBs and the three pesticides most frequently detected were also consistently lower among girls with high BMI, who were not breast-fed, whose mothers were younger, or whose care-givers (usually parents) were less educated. Girls in California had higher GMs than in Ohio for the pesticides and most PCB congeners, but the opposite for CB-99 and -118.CONCLUSIONSSeveral of these potential HAAs were detected in nearly all of these young girls, some at relatively high levels, with variation by geographic location and other demographic factors that may reflect exposure pathways. The higher PBDE levels in California likely reflect differences in fire regulation and safety codes, with potential policy implications.
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影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Norstrom, RJ;Simon, M;Weseloh, DVC
通讯作者：
Weseloh, DVC
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Hiatt RA;Haslam SZ;Osuch J;Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers
通讯作者：
Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers
内分泌干扰物对人类青春期发育的假定影响。
DOI：
10.1053/beem.2002.0184
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism
影响因子：
--
作者：
G. Teilmann;A. Juul;N. Skakkebaek;J. Toppari
通讯作者：
J. Toppari
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Karmaus, W;Asakevich, S;Kruse, H
通讯作者：
Kruse, H
一组美国女性中 DDE 和 PCB 血浆浓度的预测因子。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Laden,F;Neas,LM;Spiegelman,D;Hankinson,SE;Willett,WC;Ireland,K;Wolff,MS;Hunter,DJ
通讯作者：
Hunter,DJ