Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Morphological Alterations of Aspergillus ochraceus and Expression of Key Genes Involved in Ochratoxin A Biosynthesis.
Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Morphological Alterations of Aspergillus ochraceus and Expression of Key Genes Involved in Ochratoxin A Biosynthesis.
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肉桂醛对赭曲霉形态改变及赭曲霉毒素 A 生物合成关键基因表达的影响。
DOI：
10.3390/toxins10090340
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发表时间：
2018-08-22
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Xing F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang L;Jin J;Liu X;Wang Y;Liu Y;Zhao Y;Xing F
赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)是一种强烈的肾脏毒性、肝脏毒性和致畸作用的化合物，是一种重要的真菌毒素，在储藏过程中会对谷物造成污染。赭曲霉是谷物和谷物衍生产品中最常见的OTA生产者。肉桂醛是从植物肉桂中提取的一种天然物质，在减少OTA污染方面具有重要作用。本研究从形态和超微结构水平上研究了桂皮醛的抗真菌和抗毒素作用，并从转录水平上探讨了其抑制OTA生物合成的机制。当浓度为0.4~1.6 mm o l/L时，熏蒸能显著抑制赭草的生长。在0.4 mm o l/L浓度的肉桂醛作用下，赭曲霉菌出现了不可逆的有害形态和超微结构改变，如细胞折叠、细胞壁完整性丧失、质膜破坏、线粒体破坏、细胞内细胞器缺失等。这些变化可能归因于它抑制了调节细胞壁合成的酶反应，从而扰乱了赭草的形态发生和生长。在肉桂醛存在的情况下，被测试的生物合成和调控基因如PKS、NRPS、VEA、laeA和velB都高度下调。此外，肉桂醛的下调作用随浓度的增加而成比例增加。这些结果表明，肉桂醛降低OTA产量的原因除了抑制真菌生长外，还与OTA生物合成和调控基因的转录水平下调有关。本研究揭示了肉桂醛抗真菌和抗产毒作用的机理，并进一步强调了肉桂醛可能是一种安全有效的防止粮食储藏过程中OTA污染的天然制剂。
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, and teratogenic compound which is a significant mycotoxin contaminates cereals during storage. Aspergillus ochraceus is the most common producer of OTA in cereals and cereal-derived products. Cinnamaldehyde is a natural substance derived from plant cinnamon playing an important role in the reduction of OTA contamination. In this study, the antifungal and antitoxigenic effect of cinnamaldehyde was investigated with its mechanisms of inhibition of fungal growth at the morphological and ultrastructural levels, and inhibition of OTA biosynthesis at the transcriptional level. Significant A. ochraceus growth was inhibited at 0.4–1.6 mmol/L with fumigation. A. ochraceus exposed to 0.4 mmol/L of cinnamaldehyde indicated irreversible harmful morphological and ultrastructural modifications such as the folding of the cell, the loss of integrity of the cell wall, the disruption of plasma membrane, the destruction of the mitochondria, and the absence of intracellular organelles. These alterations may be attributed to its inhibition of enzymatic reactions that regulate cell wall synthesis, thus disturbing the morphogenesis and growth of A. ochraceus. In the presence of cinnamaldehyde, the tested biosynthetic and regulatory genes like pks, nrps, veA, laeA and velB were highly downregulated. Moreover, the downregulation effect of cinnamaldehyde increased proportionally with the concentrations. These results suggest that the decrease of OTA production by cinnamaldehyde is attributed to the downregulation of the transcriptional levels of OTA biosynthetic and regulatory genes besides the inhibition of fungal growth. The study reveals the mechanisms of the antifungal and antitoxigenic activities of cinnamaldehyde against A. ochraceus, and further emphasizes that cinnamaldehyde could be a safe and effective natural agents against OTA contamination during cereals storage.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Gerin D;De Miccolis Angelini RM;Pollastro S;Faretra F
通讯作者：
Faretra F
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Denli M;Perez JF
通讯作者：
Perez JF
影响因子：
3
作者：
Hua, Sui Sheng T.;Beck, John J.;Gee, Wai
通讯作者：
Gee, Wai
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Bang, KH;Lee, DW;Rhee, YH
通讯作者：
Rhee, YH
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.12.028
发表时间：
2018-03-02
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Gil-Serna, Jessica;Garcia-Diaz, Marta;Patino, Belen
通讯作者：
Patino, Belen