Prokaryotic gene clusters: a rich toolbox for synthetic biology.
Prokaryotic gene clusters: a rich toolbox for synthetic biology.
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DOI：
10.1002/biot.201000181
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Voigt, Christopher A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischbach, Michael;Voigt, Christopher A.
细菌构建精细的纳米结构，从不同来源获得营养和能量，合成复杂的分子，并实施信号处理以对其环境做出反应。这些复杂的表型需要多个基因的协调作用，这些基因通常编码在基因组的连续区域中，称为基因簇。基因簇有时包含所有必要的基因和足够的特定功能。作为一种进化机制，基因簇促进了物种间完整功能的水平转移。在这里，我们回顾了最近的工作，一些集群的功能是相关的生物技术。这些簇的工程设计受到其调控复杂性的阻碍，需要平衡许多基因的表达，以及缺乏在这种规模上设计和操纵DNA的工具。合成生物学的进步将使大规模的自下而上的集群工程优化其功能，唤醒隐藏的集群，或在生物体之间转移它们。理解和操纵基因簇将走向基因组工程时代，在这个时代，多种功能可以“混合和匹配”，以创建一个设计师有机体。
Bacteria construct elaborate nanostructures, obtain nutrients and energy from diverse sources, synthesize complex molecules, and implement signal processing to react to their environment. These complex phenotypes require the coordinated action of multiple genes, which are often encoded in a contiguous region of the genome, referred to as a gene cluster. Gene clusters sometimes contain all of the genes necessary and sufficient for a particular function. As an evolutionary mechanism, gene clusters facilitate the horizontal transfer of the complete function between species. Here, we review recent work on a number of clusters whose functions are relevant to biotechnology. Engineering these clusters has been hindered by their regulatory complexity, the need to balance the expression of many genes, and a lack of tools to design and manipulate DNA at this scale. Advances in synthetic biology will enable the large-scale bottom-up engineering of the clusters to optimize their functions, wake up cryptic clusters, or to transfer them between organisms. Understanding and manipulating gene clusters will move towards an era of genome engineering, where multiple functions can be “mixed-and-matched” to create a designer organism.
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