Habituation and individual variation in the endocrine stress response in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata).
Habituation and individual variation in the endocrine stress response in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.10.013
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Wilson AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houslay TM;Earley RL;Young AJ;Wilson AJ
特立尼达孔雀鱼很快就适应了反复的压力暴露。平均皮质醇释放率有很大的性别差异。每个人的平均皮质醇释放率总是不同的。适应率个体差异的证据有限。脊椎动物的应激反应使个体能够对环境挑战做出反应并科普。应激反应的一个关键方面是循环糖皮质激素的升高。然而，在反复暴露于压力源的情况下，持续激活压力反应可能会损害健康。因此，在某些情况下，通过减少糖皮质激素的任何相关释放的幅度，可以适应反复暴露于特定的应激源。在这里，我们调查是否特立尼达孔雀鱼（孔雀鱼）习惯于反复暴露于温和的应激源，使用水性激素采样方法，以前已被证明会引起小鱼的应激反应。我们还测试了适应这种压力的程度的个体差异。集中在自由循环的皮质醇，我们发现，第一次暴露于测定诱导高皮质醇释放率，但孔雀鱼往往很快习惯于随后的曝光。在重复暴露的情况下，个体之间的平均皮质醇释放率（在考虑了体型等变量的影响后）存在一致的差异。我们的分析没有发现习惯率存在个体差异的证据，尽管统计能力的局限性可以解释这一发现。我们重复了对游离11-酮睾酮的分析，游离11-酮睾酮也可以对压力源做出反应，但没有发现明显的习惯模式，也没有个体差异。我们还提供了这两种激素的共轭形式的数据，这是可重复的，但没有显示出预期的时间滞后的习惯化效果。我们讨论了一致的个体差异周围的一般模式的习惯化的灵活的压力反应，并强调了潜在的个体差异的习惯化，以促进选择对慢性压力的有害影响。
Trinidadian guppies habituate quickly to repeated stress exposure. There are strong sex differences in average cortisol release rate. Individuals consistently differ in their average cortisol release rate. Limited evidence for individual variation in habituation rate. The vertebrate stress response enables individuals to react to and cope with environmental challenges. A crucial aspect of the stress response is the elevation of circulating glucocorticoids. However, continued activation of the stress response under repeated exposure to stressors can be damaging to fitness. Under certain circumstances it may therefore be adaptive to habituate to repeated exposures to a particular stressor by reducing the magnitude of any associated release of glucocorticoids. Here, we investigate whether Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) habituate to repeated exposure to a mild stressor, using a waterborne hormone sampling approach that has previously been shown to elicit a stress response in small fish. We also test for individual variation in the extent of habituation to this stressor. Concentrating on freely circulating cortisol, we found that the first exposure to the assay induced high cortisol release rates but that guppies tended to habituate quickly to subsequent exposures. There were consistent differences among individuals in their average cortisol release rate (after accounting for effects of variables such as body size) over repeated exposures. Our analyses did not find evidence of individual differences in habituation rate, although limitations in statistical power could account for this finding. We repeated the analysis for free 11-ketotestosterone, which can also respond to stressors, but found no obvious habituation pattern and no among-individual variation. We also present data on conjugated forms of both hormones, which were repeatable but did not show the expected time-lagged habituation effect. We discuss consistent individual differences around the general pattern of habituation in the flexible stress response, and highlight the potential for individual variation in habituation to facilitate selection against the deleterious effects of chronic stress.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
CANARIO, AVM;SCOTT, AP
通讯作者：
SCOTT, AP
影响因子：
2
作者：
Ellis, T;James, JD;Scott, AP
通讯作者：
Scott, AP
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Cox, Robert M.;McGlothlin, Joel W.;Bonier, Frances
通讯作者：
Bonier, Frances
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
DALLMAN, MF;AKANA, SF;CASCIO, CS
通讯作者：
CASCIO, CS
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Atwell, Jonathan W.;Cardoso, Goncalo C.;Ketterson, Ellen D.
通讯作者：
Ketterson, Ellen D.