Functional traits differ between cereal crop progenitors and other wild grasses gathered in the Neolithic fertile crescent.
Functional traits differ between cereal crop progenitors and other wild grasses gathered in the Neolithic fertile crescent.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0087586
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Osborne CP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cunniff J;Wilkinson S;Charles M;Jones G;Rees M;Osborne CP
在新石器时代农业出现的过程中，一些植物物种被选为作物，而另一些植物物种被遗弃的原因鲜为人知。我们测试的假设，肥沃的新月作物祖先的特点是有利的，在肥沃的，干扰的栖息地周围的早期定居点和耕地。我们筛选功能性状的竞争和干扰相关的一组草种，越来越多地利用早期植物采集者，后来被驯化（作物祖先），并在一组草种，其中有考古证据的收集，但从来没有驯化（野生物种）。我们假设作物祖先将具有比野生物种更大的种子质量、生长速率、高度和产量，因为这些性状指示更大的竞争能力，并且作物祖先将对落叶更具弹性。我们的研究结果表明，作物祖先有更大的种子质量比野生物种，发芽更快，有更大的幼苗大小。种子大小的增加与更高的生长率呈弱但正相关，这主要是由每单位叶面积更大的生物量同化作用驱动的。作物祖先也往往具有较高的身高，更大的谷物产量和更高的落叶恢复力。总的来说，这些数据与以下假设是一致的：对竞争和干扰的适应使作物祖先在早期人类定居点周围的地区和耕作环境中具有选择优势，从而通过无意识选择过程将其作为作物采用。
The reasons why some plant species were selected as crops and others were abandoned during the Neolithic emergence of agriculture are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that the traits of Fertile Crescent crop progenitors were advantageous in the fertile, disturbed habitats surrounding early settlements and in cultivated fields. We screened functional traits related to competition and disturbance in a group of grass species that were increasingly exploited by early plant gatherers, and that were later domesticated (crop progenitors); and in a set of grass species for which there is archaeological evidence of gathering, but which were never domesticated (wild species). We hypothesised that crop progenitors would have greater seed mass, growth rate, height and yield than wild species, as these traits are indicative of greater competitive ability, and that crop progenitors would be more resilient to defoliation. Our results show that crop progenitors have larger seed mass than wild species, germinate faster and have greater seedling size. Increased seed size is weakly but positively correlated with a higher growth rate, which is primarily driven by greater biomass assimilation per unit leaf area. Crop progenitors also tend to have a taller stature, greater grain yield and higher resilience to defoliation. Collectively, the data are consistent with the hypothesis that adaptations to competition and disturbance gave crop progenitors a selective advantage in the areas surrounding early human settlements and in cultivated environments, leading to their adoption as crops through processes of unconscious selection.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
BLUMLER, MA;BYRNE, R;RILEY, TJ
通讯作者：
RILEY, TJ
影响因子：
2
作者：
Abbo, S;Gopher, A;Lev-Yadun, S
通讯作者：
Lev-Yadun, S
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Fuller DQ
通讯作者：
Fuller DQ
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Fuller, Dorian Q.;Allaby, Robin G.;Stevens, Chris
通讯作者：
Stevens, Chris
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Gómez, JM
通讯作者：
Gómez, JM