Neuronal and vascular interactions.

Neuronal and vascular interactions.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-neuro-071714-033835
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发表时间:
2015-07-08
影响因子:
13.9
通讯作者:
Gu C
Gu C
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Andreone BJ;Lacoste B;Gu C

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大脑占身体质量的2%,但在休息时消耗身体能量的20%,其储存能量的能力有限,因此高度依赖于来自血流的氧气和葡萄糖供应。因此,神经回路的正常功能依赖于代谢需求和血液供应之间的充分匹配。此外,大脑不仅需要密集的血管,还需要一个严格控制的环境,没有毒素和病原体,为突触传递和神经元功能提供适当的化学成分。在这篇综述中,我们将重点关注确保最佳脑灌注和功能的三个主要因素:血管网络的模式化以有效地输送血液和营养物质,血脑屏障的功能以维持脑内稳态,以及脑血流的调节以充分耦合能量供应和神经功能。
The brain, which represents 2% of the body mass but consumes 20% of the body energy at rest, has a limited capacity to store energy and is therefore highly dependent on oxygen and glucose supply from the blood stream. Normal functioning of neural circuits thus relies on adequate matching between metabolic needs and blood supply. Moreover, not only does the brain need to be densely vascularized, it also requires a tightly controlled environment free of toxins and pathogens to provide the proper chemical composition for synaptic transmission and neuronal function. In this review, we will focus on three major factors that ensure optimal brain perfusion and function: the patterning of vascular networks to efficiently deliver blood and nutrients, the function of the blood-brain barrier to maintain brain homeostasis, and the regulation of cerebral blood flow to adequately couple energy supply to neural function.
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