Novel use of social media to assess and improve coastal flood forecasts and hazard alerts.

Novel use of social media to assess and improve coastal flood forecasts and hazard alerts.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-021-93077-z
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发表时间:
2021-07-02
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Wisse P
Wisse P
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brown JM;Yelland MJ;Pullen T;Silva E;Martin A;Gold I;Whittle L;Wisse P

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沿海社区和基础设施需要得到保护,以免受洪水和海浪漫顶事件的影响。评估用于海防设计、防御性能检查和预报服务的危险预测方法需要在陆地-海洋界面进行观测,但很少收集这些观测结果。在这里,我们将展示如何使用从社交媒体获得的定性漫顶信息建立后报漫顶事件数据库以及导致这些事件的条件。我们开发了一个数据库的案例研究网站在英格兰西北部的克罗斯比,用它来测试标准的方法应用于业务洪水预报服务和新的防御设计,并建议改进这些方法。随着海平面上升和沿海人口增长,这种新方法对于提供长期、具有成本效益的沿海管理解决方案将变得越来越重要。在监测或预报服务有限或没有监测或预报服务的地点,这种方法,特别是如果与公民科学倡议相结合,可以支持简化预警系统的发展。
Coastal communities and infrastructure need protection from flooding and wave overtopping events. Assessment of hazard prediction methods, used in sea defence design, defence performance inspections and forecasting services, requires observations at the land-sea interface but these are rarely collected. Here we show how a database of hindcast overtopping events, and the conditions that cause them, can be built using qualitative overtopping information obtained from social media. We develop a database for a case study site at Crosby in the Northwest of England, use it to test the standard methods applied in operational flood forecasting services and new defence design, and suggest improvements to these methods. This novel approach will become increasingly important to deliver long-term, cost-effective coastal management solutions as sea-levels rise and coastal populations grow. At sites with limited, or no, monitoring or forecasting services, this approach, especially if combined with citizen science initiatives, could underpin the development of simplified early warning systems.
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