Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11481-013-9460-x
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Ernst, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Linda;Munsaka, Sody M.;Kraft-Terry, Stephanie;Ernst, Thomas
质子磁共振波谱（1H MRS）已被应用于许多临床研究，特别是神经系统疾病。该技术可以非侵入性地评估选定脑区域中的脑代谢物和神经化学物质，并且对于评估神经炎性疾病特别有用。用MRS评估的神经代谢物包括神经元标记物N-乙酰丙酸（NAA）和谷氨酸（Glu），以及神经胶质标记物肌醇（MI）。因此，这些代谢物的浓度通常对应于疾病的严重程度，并且通常与各种脑部疾病的临床变量密切相关。脑疾病中具有活化的星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的神经炎症通常与MI升高相关，并且在较小程度上与总肌酸（tCr）和含胆碱化合物（Cho）升高相关，所述总肌酸（tCr）和含胆碱化合物（Cho）在胶质细胞中的浓度高于神经元，而神经元损伤由低于正常水平的NAA和Glu指示。本文综述了在神经炎症性疾病或神经病理性疼痛患者的MRS研究中发现的神经代谢物异常，这些异常也可能与神经炎症有关。这些脑部疾病包括多发性硬化症、神经病毒感染（包括人类免疫缺陷病毒和丙型肝炎）、退行性脑部疾病（包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病）、兴奋剂滥用（包括甲基苯丙胺和可卡因）以及几种慢性疼痛综合征。
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) has been applied to numerous clinical studies, especially for neurological disorders. This technique can non-invasively evaluate brain metabolites and neurochemicals in selected brain regions and is particularly useful for assessing neuroinflammatory disorders. Neurometabolites assessed with MRS include the neuronal markers N-acetylasparate (NAA) and glutamate (Glu), as well as the glial marker myoinositol (MI). Therefore, the concentrations of these metabolites typically correspond to disease severity and often correlate well with clinical variables in the various brain disorders. Neuroinflammation with activated astrocytes and microglia in brain disorders are often associated with elevated MI, and to a lesser extent elevated total creatine (tCr) and choline containing compounds (Cho), which are found in higher concentrations in glia than neurons, while neuronal injury is indicated by lower than normal levels of NAA and Glu. This review summarizes the neurometabolite abnormalities found in MRS studies performed in patients with neuroinflammatory disorders or neuropathic pain, which also may be associated with neuroinflammation. These brain disorders include multiple sclerosis, neuroviral infections (including Human Immunodeficiency virus and Hepatitis C), degenerative brain disorders (including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease), stimulant abuse (including methamphetamine and cocaine) as well as several chronic pain syndromes.
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