Sex Differences Across the Life Course: A Focus On Unique Nutritional and Health Considerations among Women.
Sex Differences Across the Life Course: A Focus On Unique Nutritional and Health Considerations among Women.
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/nxac059
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发表时间：
2022-07-06
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--
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在美国，妇女的预期寿命虽然比男子长，但患慢性病的风险不同，而且根据一生中的生理和激素变化，她们有独特的营养需求。然而，关于健康的大部分知识都是基于对男性进行的研究。评估性别内营养需求的其他复杂性包括遗传学，身体成分，激素环境，潜在慢性疾病和药物使用的变化，随着我们考虑这些变量在整个生命过程中的扩展，这个列表也在扩展。很明显，女性在生命的关键时期会经历营养不足，这可能会对她们的健康产生不同的影响。因此，随着我们进入精确营养时代，了解这些基于性别的差异可能有助于优化为支持健康和体重管理而选择的建议和干预措施。最近，召开了一个科学会议，内容专家从生物，生理和行为层面的生命过程的角度来探讨这些主题。本出版物总结了研讨会的演讲和讨论，并概述了整个生命过程中重要的营养和相关的生活方式考虑因素。解决女性特定的营养需求的景观继续增长;现在比以往任何时候都更重要的是，增加我们对男性和女性之间生理差异的理解，并确定这些生理因素如何有助于优化营养策略，以支持与女性健康，生活质量，睡眠和运动表现相关的某些个人目标。
In the United States, women, while having a longer life expectancy than men, experience a differential risk for chronic diseases and have unique nutritional needs based on physiological and hormonal changes across the life span. However, much of what is known about health is based on research conducted in men. Additional complexity in assessing nutritional needs within gender include the variations in genetics, body compositions, hormonal milieus, underlying chronic diseases, and medication usage, with this list expanding as we consider these variables across the life course. It is clear women experience nutrient shortfalls during key periods of their lives, which may differentially impact their health. Consequently, as we move into the era of precision nutrition, understanding these sex- and gender-based differences may help optimize recommendations and interventions chosen to support health and weight management. Recently, a scientific conference was convened with content experts to explore these topics from a life-course perspective at biological, physiological, and behavioral levels. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop and provides an overview of important nutrition and related lifestyle considerations across the life course. The landscape of addressing female-specific nutritional needs continues to grow; now more than ever, it is essential to increase our understanding of the physiological differences between men and women, and determine how these physiological considerations may aid in optimizing nutritional strategies to support certain personal goals related to health, quality of life, sleep, and exercise performance among women.
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