Estimating community drug abuse by wastewater analysis.
Estimating community drug abuse by wastewater analysis.
复制标题
通过废水分析估算社区药物滥用。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.11022
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发表时间：
2008-08
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Fanelli, Roberto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zuccato, Ettore;Chiabrando, Chiara;Castiglioni, Sara;Bagnati, Renzo;Fanelli, Roberto
关键词：
药物滥用造成的社会和医疗问题日益引起全球关注。为了应对不断变化的情况下的药物滥用问题，国际药物机构需要新的方法来监测非法药物消费的趋势和模式。我们测试了一种污水流行病学方法，利用废水中排泄的药物残留水平来近实时监测主要滥用药物的集体使用情况。通过质谱法测量了米兰（意大利）、卢加诺（瑞士）和伦敦（英国）主要污水处理厂收集的废水中因使用可卡因、阿片剂、大麻和安非他明而产生的选定药物目标残留物。输送到处理厂的药物残留量反映了随尿液排出的总量，用于估计活性母体药物的消耗量。在这三个城市获得了可重复和特征性的非法药物使用概况，从而首次快速揭示了当地消费的变化（例如，米兰周末的可卡因消费量显着上升）。根据废水测量得出的当地药物消费概况与国家年度流行率估计值一致。该工具可以及时监测当地社区的药物滥用模式和趋势，这是对更复杂、冗长的调查方法的方便的新补充。原则上，在污水中寻找与公共卫生问题相关的排泄化合物似乎有可能成为实时流行病学信息的便捷来源。
The social and medical problems of drug abuse are a matter of increasing global concern. To tackle drug abuse in changing scenarios, international drug agencies need fresh methods to monitor trends and patterns of illicit drug consumption. We tested a sewage epidemiology approach, using levels of excreted drug residues in wastewater, to monitor collective use of the major drugs of abuse in near real time. Selected drug target residues derived from use of cocaine, opiates, cannabis, and amphetamines were measured by mass spectrometry in wastewater collected at major sewage treatment plants in Milan (Italy), Lugano (Switzerland), and London (United Kingdom). The amounts of drug residues conveyed to the treatment plants, reflecting the amounts collectively excreted with urine, were used to estimate consumption of the active parent drugs. Reproducible and characteristic profiles of illicit drug use were obtained in the three cities, thus for the first time quickly revealing changes in local consumption (e.g., cocaine consumption rose significantly on weekends in Milan). Profiles of local drug consumption based on waste-water measurements are in line with national annual prevalence estimates. Patterns and trends of drug abuse in local communities can be promptly monitored by this tool, a convenient new complement to more complex, lengthy survey methods. In principle, searching the sewage for excreted compounds relevant to public health issues appears to have the potential to become a convenient source of real-time epidemiologic information.
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DOI：
10.1186/1476-069x-4-14
发表时间：
2005-08-05
期刊：
Environmental health : a global access science source
影响因子：
--
作者：
Zuccato E;Chiabrando C;Castiglioni S;Calamari D;Bagnati R;Schiarea S;Fanelli R
通讯作者：
Fanelli R
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Castiglioni, Sara;Zuccato, Ettore;Bagnati, Renzo
通讯作者：
Bagnati, Renzo
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Heberer, T;Feldmann, D
通讯作者：
Feldmann, D
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Huestis, MA;Mitchell, JM;Cone, EJ
通讯作者：
Cone, EJ
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Lindberg, RH;Wennberg, P;Andersson, BAV
通讯作者：
Andersson, BAV