The neuroanatomical correlates of training-related perceptuo-reflex uncoupling in dancers.
The neuroanatomical correlates of training-related perceptuo-reflex uncoupling in dancers.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bht266
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发表时间：
2015-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Seemungal BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nigmatullina Y;Hellyer PJ;Nachev P;Sharp DJ;Seemungal BM
感觉输入引起低阶反射和高阶知觉反应。前庭刺激引起前庭眼反射（VOR）和自我运动知觉（如眩晕），其反应持续时间通常是相等的。众所周知，适应重复的全身旋转，例如芭蕾训练，会减少前庭反应。我们研究了芭蕾舞者和对照组前庭感知反射适应的神经解剖学相关性。舞者的前庭反射和知觉对全身偏航平面旋转的反应是：(1)较短，(2)不相关（对照组的反射和知觉相关）。基于体素的形态测量显示舞者前庭小脑的选择性灰质（GM）减少与芭蕾舞经验相关。舞蹈者前庭小脑GM密度降低与较短的知觉反应（即正相关）和较长的VOR持续时间（即负相关）相关。对照组前庭小脑GM密度与知觉和VOR呈负相关。弥散张量成像显示大脑皮层白质（WM）微结构与前庭知觉相关，但仅在对照组。总之，舞者表现出前庭感知-反射分离与定位于前庭小脑的神经原子相关。控制组强健的前庭知觉与跳舞者明显缺失的皮质WM网络相关。由于初级前庭传入突触位于前庭小脑，我们推测小脑将知觉信号门控到皮质区域介导了训练相关的前庭知觉衰减和知觉-反射解耦。
Sensory input evokes low-order reflexes and higher-order perceptual responses. Vestibular stimulation elicits vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) and self-motion perception (e.g., vertigo) whose response durations are normally equal. Adaptation to repeated whole-body rotations, for example, ballet training, is known to reduce vestibular responses. We investigated the neuroanatomical correlates of vestibular perceptuo-reflex adaptation in ballet dancers and controls. Dancers' vestibular-reflex and perceptual responses to whole-body yaw-plane step rotations were: (1) Briefer and (2) uncorrelated (controls' reflex and perception were correlated). Voxel-based morphometry showed a selective gray matter (GM) reduction in dancers' vestibular cerebellum correlating with ballet experience. Dancers' vestibular cerebellar GM density reduction was related to shorter perceptual responses (i.e. positively correlated) but longer VOR duration (negatively correlated). Contrastingly, controls' vestibular cerebellar GM density negatively correlated with perception and VOR. Diffusion-tensor imaging showed that cerebral cortex white matter (WM) microstructure correlated with vestibular perception but only in controls. In summary, dancers display vestibular perceptuo-reflex dissociation with the neuronatomical correlate localized to the vestibular cerebellum. Controls' robust vestibular perception correlated with a cortical WM network conspicuously absent in dancers. Since primary vestibular afferents synapse in the vestibular cerebellum, we speculate that a cerebellar gating of perceptual signals to cortical regions mediates the training-related attenuation of vestibular perception and perceptuo-reflex uncoupling.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb30888.x
发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
COHEN, B;HENN, V;DENNETT, D
通讯作者：
DENNETT, D
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Driemeyer J;Boyke J;Gaser C;Büchel C;May A
通讯作者：
May A
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09193.x
发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
OTOLITH FUNCTION IN SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND MOVEMENT
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brandt, T;Dieterich, M
通讯作者：
Dieterich, M
影响因子：
2
作者：
Clement, Gilles;Tilikete, Caroline;Courjon, Jean-Hubert
通讯作者：
Courjon, Jean-Hubert
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Boyke, Janina;Driemeyer, Joenna;May, Arne
通讯作者：
May, Arne