Enduring influence of early temperament on neural mechanisms mediating attention-emotion conflict in adults.
Enduring influence of early temperament on neural mechanisms mediating attention-emotion conflict in adults.
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DOI：
10.1002/da.22140
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发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Ernst, Monique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jarcho, Johanna M.;Fox, Nathan A.;Pine, Daniel S.;Leibenluft, Ellen;Shechner, Tomer;Degnan, Kathryn A.;Perez-Edgar, Koraly;Ernst, Monique
行为抑制是一种在儿童早期发现的气质，通常与注意力和情感处理失调有关，特别是在应对威胁时。纵向研究发现，干扰注意和情感加工的表现往往随着年龄的增长而消失。然而，儿童期的行为抑制仍然可以预测成年后大脑功能的紊乱。这表明，儿童期行为抑制的成年人可能会参与补偿过程，以有效地调节情绪相关的注意力。然而，目前尚不清楚大脑功能的扰动是否反映了对情绪刺激的注意偏向的补偿，或者更具体地说，是对威胁性环境的补偿。本研究测试这些可能性。有和没有稳定的儿童期行为抑制史的成年人在接受功能性磁共振成像时，在威胁性和非威胁性刺激的背景下完成了注意力控制任务。参与者被要求识别恐惧（威胁性）和快乐（非威胁性）面孔的性别，同时忽略面孔情绪和重叠的一致（低注意力控制，LAC）或不一致（高注意力控制，HAC）性别词。当恐惧的面孔存在，成年人稳定的童年行为抑制表现出更多的活动，纹状体，扣带回，背外侧前额叶皮层的HAC试验相比，LAC试验，相对于那些没有行为抑制。当出现快乐的面孔时，出现了相反的激活模式。未观察到行为的组间差异。在成年人中，稳定的儿童期行为抑制预测神经，而不是行为，当注意力控制从事离散的情绪环境。这表明了一种机制，成年人可以通过这种机制来补偿基于威胁的注意力偏差的行为表现。
Behavioral inhibition, a temperament identified in early childhood, is often associated with dysregulated attention and affective processing, particularly in response to threat. Longitudinal studies find that the manifestation of perturbed attention and affective processing often dissipates with age. Yet, childhood behavioral inhibition continues to predict perturbed brain function into adulthood. This suggests that adults with childhood behavioral inhibition may engage compensatory processes to effectively regulate emotion-related attention. However, it is unknown whether perturbations in brain function reflect compensation for attention bias to emotional stimuli generally, or to threatening contexts more specifically. The present study tests these possibilities. Adults with and without a history of stable childhood behavioral inhibition completed an attention-control task in the context of threatening and nonthreatening stimuli while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants were asked to identify the gender of fearful (threatening) and happy (nonthreatening) faces, while ignoring both the face emotion and overlaid congruent (low attention control, LAC) or incongruent (high attention control, HAC) gender words. When fearful faces were present, adults with stable childhood behavioral inhibition exhibited more activity in striatum, cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for HAC trials compared with LAC trials, relative to those without behavioral inhibition. When happy faces were present, the opposite activation pattern emerged. No group differences in behavior were observed. Among adults, stable childhood behavioral inhibition predicts neural, but not behavioral, responding when attention control is engaged in discrete emotional contexts. This suggests a mechanism by which adults may compensate for the behavioral manifestation of threat-based attention biases.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Helfinstein, Sarah M.;Benson, Brenda;Ernst, Monique
通讯作者：
Ernst, Monique
影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1097/chi.0b013e3181ae09df
发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Chronis-Tuscano A;Degnan KA;Pine DS;Perez-Edgar K;Henderson HA;Diaz Y;Raggi VL;Fox NA
通讯作者：
Fox NA
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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