Poor response inhibition: at the nexus between substance abuse and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Poor response inhibition: at the nexus between substance abuse and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.08.008
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发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Jentsch, J. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Groman, Stephanie M.;James, Alex S.;Jentsch, J. David
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与物质滥用和依赖性障碍之间的共病可能有多种原因和后果。在这篇综述中，我们将描述神经行为，遗传和动物模型的研究，支持的概念，一个共同的，遗传决定的失败的反应抑制功能是一个内表型的两种疾病。通过认知控制优势行为的能力受损，受试者可以表现出一系列ADHD样特征（冲动和多动），以及对开始服用药物的易感性及其最终进展为不灵活，不可控制的形式。在神经水平上，包括腹外侧额叶和扣带回皮质以及相关基底神经节区在内的回路功能障碍导致了常见的行为障碍模式，从而解释了合并症的各个方面。药物滥用/依赖和ADHD的动物模型，表现出缺陷的反应抑制已经证实了这种内在表型的作用，在这两种疾病和他们的共同发病率，并应提供一个试验场的干预措施，针对it. New的研究方向，将进一步探讨这一假设，并开始揭示潜在的生物学机制将被提出。
The comorbidity between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance abuse and dependence disorders may have multiple causes and consequences. In this review, we will describe neurobehavioral, genetic and animal model studies that support the notion that a common, genetically-determined failure of response inhibition function is an endophenotype for both disorders. Through an impairment in the ability to cognitively control pre-potent behaviors, subjects can exhibit a collection of ADHD-like traits (impulsivity and hyperactivity), as well as susceptibility for the initiation of drug-taking and its ultimate progression to an inflexible, uncontrollable form. At the neural level, dysfunction within circuitry that includes the ventrolateral frontal and cingulate cortices, as well as in associated basal ganglia zones, contributes to a common pattern of behavioral impairment, explaining aspects of comorbidity. Animal models of substance abuse/dependence and ADHD that exhibit deficits in response inhibition have substantiated the role of this endophenotype in both disorders and their co-morbidity and should provide a testing ground for interventions targeting it. New directions for research that will further explore this hypothesis and begin to reveal the underlying biological mechanisms will be proposed.
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