Dramatic increase in lever-pressing activity in rats after training on the progressive ratio schedule of cocaine self-administration.
Dramatic increase in lever-pressing activity in rats after training on the progressive ratio schedule of cocaine self-administration.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-98313-0
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发表时间：
2021-10-04
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Norman AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsibulsky VL;Norman AB
在许多情况下，从可卡因自我给药期的卸载（消退）阶段期间的最高活动率到缓解阶段期间的极低活动率的转变是渐进的。这使得难以评估固定比例1（FR 1）后的卸载阶段的持续时间或渐进比例（PR）自我给药阶段后的断点。此外，在PR时间表下进行3-5天的训练，导致PR会话期间和FR 1自我给药会话后的卸载阶段的按压率显著且持续增加。本研究的目标是找到定义的最后一个新闻界之间的卸载和缓解阶段的会议，并确定这一边界是否也受到影响的公关培训。训练大鼠根据FR 1时间表自我施用可卡因，然后根据PR药物递送时间表自我施用可卡因。比较了PR训练前后各阶段减压阶段的按压间隔（IPI）分布。结果发现，可卡因诱导的IPIs在卸载阶段的分布是对数正态分布，双峰，并独立于先前注射的可卡因单位剂量。第一种模式代表的是短时间的刻板按压，第二种模式代表的是两次按压之间的间隔。两种模式分别约为0.7 s和21 s，在卸载之前和0.6 s和1.5 s后，PR自我管理培训。每个卸载阶段的压机总数增加了八倍。当恢复FR 1时间表时，发作之间的间隔保持非常短，至少7-10天，然后才开始逐渐增加到基线水平。最后一次卸载压力定义为IPI超过规定标准后的压力。公关培训导致了大量和持久的增加，在卸载过程中的压下活动。卸载阶段的持续时间并不取决于的速率的挤压活动。
Transition from the highest rate of lever-pressing activity during the unloading (extinction) phase of a cocaine self-administration session to an extremely low activity rate during the remission phase is in many cases gradual. This makes it difficult to assess the duration of the unloading phase after a fixed ratio 1 (FR1) or breakpoint after a progressive-ratio (PR) self-administration session. In addition, 3–5 days of training under the PR schedule results in a dramatic and persistent increase in the rate of presses during PR sessions and in the unloading phase following FR1 self-administration sessions. The goals of this study were to find the definition of the last press demarcating the border between the unloading and remission phases of the session and to determine if this border was also affected by PR training. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine under the FR1 schedule and then under the PR schedule of drug delivery. Distributions of inter-press intervals (IPIs) during the unloading phase in sessions before and after PR training were compared. It was found that the distribution of cocaine-induced IPIs during the unloading phase was lognormal, bimodal, and independent of previously injected cocaine unit doses. The first mode represented intervals within the short bouts of stereotypic presses and the second mode represented intervals between bouts. The two modes were approximately 0.7 s and 21 s during unloading prior to and 0.6 s and 1.5 s after PR self-administration training. The total number of presses per unloading phase increased eightfold. When the FR1 schedule was restored, the intervals between bouts remained very short for at least 7–10 days and only then started a gradual increase towards baseline levels. The last unloading press was defined as the press followed by the IPI longer than the defined criterion. PR training resulted in a substantial and long-lasting increase in lever-pressing activity during unloading. The duration of the unloading phase did not depend on the rate of lever-pressing activity.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Lu, L;Grimm, JW;Shaham, Y
通讯作者：
Shaham, Y
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Killeen, Peter R.;Pellon, Ricardo
通讯作者：
Pellon, Ricardo
DOI：
10.1007/bf00413156
发表时间：
1964-01-01
期刊：
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGIA
影响因子：
--
作者：
WEEKS, JR;COLLINS, RJ
通讯作者：
COLLINS, RJ
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Brebner, K;Phelan, R;Roberts, DCS
通讯作者：
Roberts, DCS
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Cheung, Timothy H. C.;Neisewander, Janet L.;Sanabria, Federico
通讯作者：
Sanabria, Federico