A structural foundation for studying chlamydial polymorphic membrane proteins.

A structural foundation for studying chlamydial polymorphic membrane proteins.
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DOI:
10.1128/spectrum.03242-23
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发表时间:
2023-12-12
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
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多态性膜蛋白(Polymorphic membrane proteins,Pmps)是衣原体细胞表面的一种蛋白质,具有重复的FxxN和GGA(I,V,L)四肽基序。这些自转运蛋白是宿主-微生物相互作用的关键免疫靶点和介质,但机制未知。AlphaFold预测揭示了Pmp乘客结构域具有两个不同的β螺旋部分:形成六个β螺旋梯级的C-末端球状“Pmp中间区”,以及长度为9至25梯级的N-末端高度规则的“Pmp重复区”。在重复区域中,成对的FxxN和GGA(I,V,L)基序-或紧密变体-被完全掩埋并包装在一起,形成新的β-螺旋梯级,可变长度的环从一个面延伸出来。来自不同生物体的蛋白质中的相似基序被预测会形成类似的结构。在Pmps中,这些结构意味着四肽基序不直接参与宿主细胞粘附,而是将蛋白质环定位在一个共同的面上,在那里它们可以与对感染重要的配体相互作用。这些结构描述为诱变研究提供了指导,以确定参与感染的Pmps的那些部分。衣原体属细菌的感染在人类和其他动物中引起一系列广泛的和潜在的使人衰弱的病症。我们分析了一个蛋白质家族的预测结构,这些蛋白质是在所有衣原体属中发现的潜在疫苗靶点。我们的研究结果加深了对蛋白质结构的理解,为蛋白质结构的讨论提供了一个描述性框架,并概述了可能是宿主-微生物相互作用和抗衣原体免疫的关键靶点的蛋白质区域。
Polymorphic membrane proteins (Pmps) are chlamydial cell surface proteins with signature repeating FxxN and GGA (I, V, L) tetrapeptide motifs. These autotransporter proteins are key immune targets and mediators of host-microbe interactions but by unknown mechanisms. AlphaFold predictions reveal that Pmp passenger domains have two distinct β-helical parts: a C-terminal globular “Pmp middle region” that forms six β-helical rungs, and an N-terminal highly-regular “Pmp repeat region” that is from 9 to 25 rungs long. In the repeat region, paired FxxN and GGA (I, V, L) motifs – or close variants – are fully buried and packed together to form novel β-helical rungs from which variable-length loops extend out from one face. Similar motifs in proteins from diverse organisms are predicted to form analogous structures. In Pmps, the structures imply that the tetrapeptide motifs are not directly involved in host-cell adhesion, but position protein loops on a common face where they can interact with ligands important for infection. These structural descriptions provide a guide for mutagenesis studies to identify those parts of Pmps involved in infection. Infections by bacteria in the genus Chlamydia cause a range of widespread and potentially debilitating conditions in humans and other animals. We analyzed predicted structures of a family of proteins that are potential vaccine targets found in all Chlamydia spp. Our findings deepen the understanding of protein structure, provide a descriptive framework for discussion of the protein structure, and outline regions of the proteins that may be key targets in host-microbe interactions and anti-chlamydial immunity.
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