NK cells and their ability to modulate T cells during virus infections.
NK cells and their ability to modulate T cells during virus infections.
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DOI：
10.1615/critrevimmunol.2014010604
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Whitmire JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cook KD;Waggoner SN;Whitmire JK
自然杀伤（NK）细胞在保护免受病毒感染方面很重要，许多病毒已经进化出阻碍NK细胞活性的机制。NK细胞在病毒感染的早期阶段响应炎症信号，导致增殖、细胞因子产生和细胞溶解活性，从而可以减少病毒载量。此外，NK细胞应答的快速动力学使NK细胞能够影响其他先天免疫细胞群体，影响炎症环境，并引导对感染的适应性免疫应答。早期NK细胞与其他白细胞的相互作用可能对记忆T细胞的数量和质量产生长期影响，并影响慢性感染期间T细胞的耗竭。NK细胞调节T细胞应答的能力可以通过直接的T-NK相互作用、细胞因子产生或间接通过树突细胞和其他细胞类型来介导。在此，我们总结了我们目前对NK细胞如何与T细胞、树突状细胞、B细胞和其他参与病毒感染适应性免疫反应的细胞类型相互作用的理解。我们概述了NK细胞增强或抑制适应性免疫应答和长寿免疫记忆的几种机制。
Natural killer (NK) cells are important in protection against virus infections, and many viruses have evolved mechanisms to thwart NK cell activity. NK cells respond to inflammatory signals at an early stage of virus infection, resulting in proliferation, cytokine production, and cytolytic activity that can reduce virus loads. Moreover, the rapid kinetics of the NK cell response enables NK cells to influence other populations of innate immune cells, affect the inflammatory milieu, and guide adaptive immune responses to infection. Early NK cell interactions with other leukocytes can have long-lasting effects on the number and quality of memory T cells, as well as impact the exhaustion of T cells during chronic infections. The ability of NK cells to modulate T cell responses can be mediated through direct T-NK interactions, cytokine production, or indirectly through dendritic cells and other cell types. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of how NK cells interact with T cells, dendritic cells, B cells, and other cell types involved in adaptive immune responses to virus infection. We outline several mechanisms by which NK cells enhance or suppress adaptive immune response and long-lived immunological memory.
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