Drosophila tan encodes a novel hydrolase required in pigmentation and vision.
Drosophila tan encodes a novel hydrolase required in pigmentation and vision.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.0010063
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发表时间：
2005-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Li, JY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
True, JR;Yeh, SD;Hovemann, BT;Kemme, T;Meinertzhagen, IA;Edwards, TN;Liou, SR;Han, Q;Li, JY
许多蛋白质在开发过程中会重复使用，但通常蛋白质的功能在不同情况下是相似的。在这里，我们报道经典的果蝇基因座 tan 编码两种截然不同的细胞功能所需的新型酶：在角质层黑色化过程中将 N-β-丙氨酰多巴胺 (NBAD) 水解为多巴胺，以及在光感受器神经递质代谢中将癌素水解为组胺。我们表征了两个无法补充经典 tan 突变的 tan 样 P 元件插入。两者均插入先前未表征的基因 CG12120 的 5' 非翻译区，CG12120 是真菌异青霉素-N N-酰基转移酶 (EC 2.3.1.164) 的推定同源物。两个 P 插入均显示 CG12120 mRNA 转录异常低。异位 CG12120 表达挽救了 tan 突变体色素沉着表型，并导致产生引人注目的黑色素图案。视网膜电图和头部组胺测定表明，CG12120 是癌素水解为组胺所必需的，而组胺是组胺能神经传递所必需的。重组 CG12120 蛋白可有效地将 NBAD 水解为多巴胺，将癌素水解为组胺。我们得出结论，黑腹果蝇 CG12120 对应于 tan。据我们所知，这是任何生物体中 NBAD 水解酶和癌素水解酶活性的第一个分子遗传学表征，对于理解色素沉着和光感受器功能至关重要。特鲁等人。描述果蝇酶 Tan 的鉴定和表征。编码 Tan 的基因最初是在 20 世纪初作为一种突变株被发现的，该突变株缺乏野生型果蝇的深色色素沉着，因此得名 tan。缺乏 Tan 功能的果蝇还表现出神秘的视觉异常，例如对光的反应。 True 等人的新发现。有助于解释棕褐色在色素沉着和视觉方面截然不同的功能。在分泌成人角质层的发育中表皮细胞中，棕褐色编码的酶是产生多巴胺所必需的，而多巴胺是深色黑色素沉着所必需的。在眼睛中，Tan 酶将癌素（神经递质组胺的一种修饰形式）转化回组胺，而组胺对于视觉中涉及的快速且持续的神经传递事件是必需的。此前尚未在任何生物体中表征过这两种酶的活性。令人惊讶的是，Tan 似乎与真菌中用于生产抗生素青霉素的酶密切相关。
Many proteins are used repeatedly in development, but usually the function of the protein is similar in the different contexts. Here we report that the classical Drosophila melanogaster locus tan encodes a novel enzyme required for two very different cellular functions: hydrolysis of N-β-alanyl dopamine (NBAD) to dopamine during cuticular melanization, and hydrolysis of carcinine to histamine in the metabolism of photoreceptor neurotransmitter. We characterized two tan-like P-element insertions that failed to complement classical tan mutations. Both are inserted in the 5′ untranslated region of the previously uncharacterized gene CG12120, a putative homolog of fungal isopenicillin-N N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.164). Both P insertions showed abnormally low transcription of the CG12120 mRNA. Ectopic CG12120 expression rescued tan mutant pigmentation phenotypes and caused the production of striking black melanin patterns. Electroretinogram and head histamine assays indicated that CG12120 is required for hydrolysis of carcinine to histamine, which is required for histaminergic neurotransmission. Recombinant CG12120 protein efficiently hydrolyzed both NBAD to dopamine and carcinine to histamine. We conclude that D. melanogaster CG12120 corresponds to tan. This is, to our knowledge, the first molecular genetic characterization of NBAD hydrolase and carcinine hydrolase activity in any organism and is central to the understanding of pigmentation and photoreceptor function. True et al. describe the identification and characterization of the Drosophila melanogaster enzyme Tan. The gene encoding Tan was originally discovered in the early 20th century as a mutant strain lacking the dark pigmentation of wild-type flies, hence the name tan. Flies lacking Tan function also exhibited mysterious abnormalities in vision, for example, in responses to light. The new findings by True et al. help to explain the vastly different functions of Tan in pigmentation and vision. In the developing epidermal cells that secrete the adult cuticle, the enzyme encoded by tan is required for the production of dopamine, which is needed for dark melanin pigmentation. In the eye, the Tan enzyme converts carcinine, a modified form of the neurotransmitter histamine, back to histamine, which is necessary for the rapid and constant neurotransmission events involved in vision. These two enzyme activities have not been previously characterized in any organism. Surprisingly, Tan appears to be closely related to an enzyme in fungi that is used for production of the antibiotic penicillin.
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DOI：
10.3109/13813458509079616
发表时间：
1985-11-01
期刊：
ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE DE BIOCHIMIE ET DE BIOPHYSIQUE
影响因子：
--
作者：
ARNOULD, JM
通讯作者：
ARNOULD, JM
DOI：
10.1016/0167-4838(86)90005-1
发表时间：
1986-03-07
期刊：
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA
影响因子：
--
作者：
BLACK, BC;SMARRELLI, J
通讯作者：
SMARRELLI, J
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
GomezSkarmeta, JL;Modolell, J
通讯作者：
Modolell, J
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
HOTTA, Y;BENZER, S
通讯作者：
BENZER, S
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Hovemann, BT;Ryseck, RP;Dessen, E
通讯作者：
Dessen, E