Perinatal environmental exposures affect mammary development, function, and cancer risk in adulthood.

Perinatal environmental exposures affect mammary development, function, and cancer risk in adulthood.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010611-134659
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
12.5
通讯作者:
Newbold RR
Newbold RR
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fenton SE;Reed C;Newbold RR

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青春期是哺乳动物物种繁殖的重要过渡期。性早熟,特别是乳房发育早期(乳房“花蕾”的出现),在多种族背景的女孩中是美国和其他国家的主要健康问题。女孩乳房发育年龄持续下降的原因尚不清楚,但环境因素可能起主要作用。实验室和流行病学研究已经确定了几个影响乳房发育的个别环境因素,但还需要进一步的进展。目前的研究需要包括更加关注和记录产前和新生儿的环境暴露,测试市售化学品对乳腺的影响,以及了解化学品改变乳腺的具体机制。需要进行这样的研究,以阻止青春期提前的趋势。
Puberty is an important transition that enables reproduction of mammalian species. Precocious puberty, specifically early thelarche (the appearance of breast “buds”), in girls of multiple ethnic backgrounds is a major health problem in the United States and other countries. The cause for a continued decrease in the age of breast development in girls is unknown, but environmental factors likely play a major role. Laboratory and epidemiological studies have identified several individual environmental factors that affect breast development, but further progress is needed. Current research needs include increased attention to and recording of prenatal and neonatal environmental exposures, testing of marketed chemicals for effects on the mammary gland, and understanding of the mammary gland–specific mechanisms that are altered by chemicals. Such research is required to halt the increasing trend toward puberty at earlier ages.
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