Cell Cycle Re-entry in the Nervous System: From Polyploidy to Neurodegeneration.
Cell Cycle Re-entry in the Nervous System: From Polyploidy to Neurodegeneration.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcell.2021.698661
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Buttitta L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nandakumar S;Rozich E;Buttitta L
长期以来，神经系统的终末分化细胞一直被认为处于稳定的非周期状态，并且通常被认为永久处于G0。在发育期间退出细胞周期通常与神经元的分化一致，并且对于神经元功能至关重要。但是，在有丝分裂后的组织中，在衰老过程中积累细胞损伤或遭受细胞损失会发生什么呢？在其他情况下，通常不分裂或有丝分裂后的细胞可以或重新进入细胞周期并开始复制其DNA以促进细胞生长以响应细胞损失。这导致了一种称为多倍性的状态，其中细胞包含多个基因组拷贝。来自几种脊椎动物和无脊椎动物模式生物的越来越多的文献表明，神经系统中的多倍性可能比以前认识到的更常见，并且发生在正常的生理条件下。此外，已经发现，当细胞受到DNA损伤或氧化应激的挑战时，神经元多倍化可以发挥保护作用。相比之下，过去25年的研究发现，神经元细胞周期折返与几种神经退行性疾病之间存在联系。在这种情况下，神经元细胞周期重新进入被广泛认为是异常的，对神经元健康有害。在这篇综述中，我们强调了历史和新兴的报告多倍体在神经系统的各种脊椎动物和无脊椎动物生物。我们讨论了神经系统中多倍化的潜在功能，特别是在长寿细胞和年龄相关的多倍化的背景下。最后，我们试图调和神经元多倍性与神经变性和神经保护的看似不同的关联。
Terminally differentiated cells of the nervous system have long been considered to be in a stable non-cycling state and are often considered to be permanently in G0. Exit from the cell cycle during development is often coincident with the differentiation of neurons, and is critical for neuronal function. But what happens in long lived postmitotic tissues that accumulate cell damage or suffer cell loss during aging? In other contexts, cells that are normally non-dividing or postmitotic can or re-enter the cell cycle and begin replicating their DNA to facilitate cellular growth in response to cell loss. This leads to a state called polyploidy, where cells contain multiple copies of the genome. A growing body of literature from several vertebrate and invertebrate model organisms has shown that polyploidy in the nervous system may be more common than previously appreciated and occurs under normal physiological conditions. Moreover, it has been found that neuronal polyploidization can play a protective role when cells are challenged with DNA damage or oxidative stress. By contrast, work over the last two and a half decades has discovered a link between cell-cycle reentry in neurons and several neurodegenerative conditions. In this context, neuronal cell cycle re-entry is widely considered to be aberrant and deleterious to neuronal health. In this review, we highlight historical and emerging reports of polyploidy in the nervous systems of various vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. We discuss the potential functions of polyploidization in the nervous system, particularly in the context of long-lived cells and age-associated polyploidization. Finally, we attempt to reconcile the seemingly disparate associations of neuronal polyploidy with both neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.32.2.439
发表时间：
1967-02
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bunge MB;Bunge RP;Peterson ER;Murray MR
通讯作者：
Murray MR
影响因子：
--
作者：
CARRIERE, R;PATTERSON, D
通讯作者：
PATTERSON, D
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Bonda DJ;Lee HP;Kudo W;Zhu X;Smith MA;Lee HG
通讯作者：
Lee HG
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Abrusan, Gyorgy
通讯作者：
Abrusan, Gyorgy
DOI：
10.1007/bf00508448
发表时间：
1979-01-01
期刊：
HISTOCHEMISTRY
影响因子：
--
作者：
BREGNARD, A;RUCH, F;KUENZLE, CC
通讯作者：
KUENZLE, CC