Prevalence of classic, MLB-clade and VA-clade Astroviruses in Kenya and The Gambia.
Prevalence of classic, MLB-clade and VA-clade Astroviruses in Kenya and The Gambia.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12985-015-0299-z
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发表时间：
2015-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Holtz LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyer CT;Bauer IK;Antonio M;Adeyemi M;Saha D;Oundo JO;Ochieng JB;Omore R;Stine OC;Wang D;Holtz LR
感染性腹泻会导致儿童大量死亡，其中 40% 的死亡发生在非洲。经典的人类星状病毒是腹泻的公认病因。近年来，发现了7种新型星状病毒（MLB1、MLB2、MLB3、VA1/HMO-C、VA2/HMO-B、VA3/HMO-A、VA4）；然而，关于其患病率或与腹泻的潜在关联的研究很少。为了调查这些经典的和最近描述的星状病毒在儿科人群中的流行率和多样性，进行了一项病例对照研究。之前从肯尼亚和冈比亚的中度至重度腹泻病例和 5 岁以下患者的匹配对照中收集了 949 份粪便。使用泛星状病毒引物进行RT-PCR筛选。 9.9% 的粪便样本中存在星状病毒。 MLB3 是最常见的星状病毒，患病率为 2.6%。检测到的 MLB3 的两种亚型根据非洲的位置而有所不同。在这项病例对照研究中，星状病毒 MLB1 与肯尼亚的腹泻相关，而星状病毒 MLB3 与冈比亚的对照状态相关。在这项研究中，经典人类星状病毒与腹泻无关。出乎意料的是，在1例腹泻病例和2例对照粪便中也分别发现了与犬星状病毒1型和禽肾炎病毒2型高度相似的星状病毒。包括新的 MLB 和 VA 分支成员在内的星状病毒常见于肯尼亚和冈比亚的儿科粪便中。最近发现的星状病毒 MLB3 最为流行，在冈比亚的对照粪便中更常见，而星状病毒 MLB1 与肯尼亚的腹泻有关。此外，在人类粪便样本中还发现了一种独特的 MLB3 亚型，以及 3 种意想不到的禽类或犬星状病毒。通过对星状病毒进行广泛反应性 PCR 筛查，人们对非洲星状病毒的流行病学有了新的认识，而非洲的腹泻发病率和死亡率占很大比例。
Infectious diarrhea leads to significant mortality in children, with 40 % of these deaths occurring in Africa. Classic human astroviruses are a well-established etiology of diarrhea. In recent years, seven novel astroviruses have been discovered (MLB1, MLB2, MLB3, VA1/HMO-C, VA2/HMO-B, VA3/HMO-A, VA4); however, there have been few studies on their prevalence or potential association with diarrhea. To investigate the prevalence and diversity of these classic and recently described astroviruses in a pediatric population, a case–control study was performed. Nine hundred and forty nine stools were previously collected from cases of moderate-to-severe diarrhea and matched controls of patients less than 5 years of age in Kenya and The Gambia. RT-PCR screening was performed using pan-astrovirus primers. Astroviruses were present in 9.9 % of all stool samples. MLB3 was the most common astrovirus with a prevalence of 2.6 %. Two subtypes of MLB3 were detected that varied based on location in Africa. In this case–control study, Astrovirus MLB1 was associated with diarrhea in Kenya, whereas Astrovirus MLB3 was associated with the control state in The Gambia. Classic human astrovirus was not associated with diarrhea in this study. Unexpectedly, astroviruses with high similarity to Canine Astrovirus and Avian Nephritis Virus 1 and 2 were also found in one case of diarrhea and two control stools respectively. Astroviruses including novel MLB- and VA-clade members are commonly found in pediatric stools in Kenya and The Gambia. The most recently discovered astrovirus, MLB3, was the most prevalent and was found more commonly in control stools in The Gambia, while astrovirus MLB1 was associated with diarrhea in Kenya. Furthermore, a distinct subtype of MLB3 was noted, as well as 3 unanticipated avian or canine astroviruses in the human stool samples. As a result of a broadly reactive PCR screen for astroviruses, new insight was gained regarding the epidemiology of astroviruses in Africa, where a large proportion of diarrheal morbidity and mortality occur.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Kernbauer, Elisabeth;Ding, Yi;Cadwell, Ken
通讯作者：
Cadwell, Ken
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Finkbeiner SR;Holtz LR;Jiang Y;Rajendran P;Franz CJ;Zhao G;Kang G;Wang D
通讯作者：
Wang D
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Jiang H;Holtz LR;Bauer I;Franz CJ;Zhao G;Bodhidatta L;Shrestha SK;Kang G;Wang D
通讯作者：
Wang D
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Holtz, Lori R.;Cao, Song;Zhao, Guoyan;Bauer, Irma K.;Denno, Donna M.;Klein, Eileen J.;Antonio, Martin;Stine, O. Cohn;Snelling, Thomas L.;Kirkwood, Carl D.;Wang, David
通讯作者：
Wang, David
DOI：
10.2471/blt.07.050054
发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
Bulletin of the World Health Organization: International Journal of Public Health
影响因子：
--
作者：
Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia;Velebit, Lana;Shibuya, Kenji
通讯作者：
Shibuya, Kenji