High prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in central ethiopia: implications for the dairy industry and public health.
High prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in central ethiopia: implications for the dairy industry and public health.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0052851
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Berg S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Firdessa R;Tschopp R;Wubete A;Sombo M;Hailu E;Erenso G;Kiros T;Yamuah L;Vordermeier M;Hewinson RG;Young D;Gordon SV;Sahile M;Aseffa A;Berg S
埃塞俄比亚拥有非洲最大的牛群。全国绝大多数牧群是在农村地区广泛饲养的土生瘤牛。然而，为了应对对乳制品日益增长的需求以及埃塞俄比亚政府提高畜牧业生产力的努力，近年来已经看到了越来越多的集约化畜牧业环境，这些环境拥有异国情调和杂交品种。然而，这种提高生产力的动力受到了在集约化环境下蓬勃发展的动物疾病的威胁，例如牛结核病（BTB），这是一种已经在埃塞俄比亚流行的疾病。进行了一项广泛的研究，以：估计在埃塞俄比亚中部集约化奶牛场的BTB的患病率;确定相关的风险因素;并表征病原体牛分枝杆菌的循环菌株。采用结核菌素皮内试验（CIDT）、问卷调查、尸检、细菌学和分子分型等方法，对研究区奶牛场BTB的流行情况进行了分析。基于CIDT，我们的研究结果显示，来自88个牛群的2956头受检奶牛中约30%为BTB阳性，而牛群患病率超过50%。尸检发现34/36头CIDT阳性牛出现大体结核病灶，31头动物中回收到抗酸杆菌。分子分型鉴定所有分离株为M。牛，并通过spoligotyping和MIRU-VNTR分型进一步表征表明研究区域内的菌株多样性低。这项研究表明，在阿迪斯及其周边地区的集约化奶牛场中，BTB的总体群体患病率为50%，这表明迫切需要采取干预措施来控制疾病并预防M.牛到人类消费来自这些农场的乳制品。建议政府和政策制定者应与利益相关者合作，设计控制埃塞俄比亚集约化农场BTB的方法。
Ethiopia has the largest cattle population in Africa. The vast majority of the national herd is of indigenous zebu cattle maintained in rural areas under extensive husbandry systems. However, in response to the increasing demand for milk products and the Ethiopian government's efforts to improve productivity in the livestock sector, recent years have seen increased intensive husbandry settings holding exotic and cross breeds. This drive for increased productivity is however threatened by animal diseases that thrive under intensive settings, such as bovine tuberculosis (BTB), a disease that is already endemic in Ethiopia. An extensive study was conducted to: estimate the prevalence of BTB in intensive dairy farms in central Ethiopia; identify associated risk factors; and characterize circulating strains of the causative agent, Mycobacterium bovis. The comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CIDT), questionnaire survey, post-mortem examination, bacteriology, and molecular typing were used to get a better understanding of the BTB prevalence among dairy farms in the study area. Based on the CIDT, our findings showed that around 30% of 2956 tested dairy cattle from 88 herds were positive for BTB while the herd prevalence was over 50%. Post-mortem examination revealed gross tuberculous lesions in 34/36 CIDT positive cattle and acid-fast bacilli were recovered from 31 animals. Molecular typing identified all isolates as M. bovis and further characterization by spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR typing indicated low strain diversity within the study area. This study showed an overall BTB herd prevalence of 50% in intensive dairy farms in Addis Ababa and surroundings, signalling an urgent need for intervention to control the disease and prevent zoonotic transmission of M. bovis to human populations consuming dairy products coming from these farms. It is suggested that government and policy makers should work together with stakeholders to design methods for the control of BTB in intensive farms in Ethiopia.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Le Flèche P;Fabre M;Denoeud F;Koeck JL;Vergnaud G
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Vergnaud G
影响因子：
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vanEmbden, J
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