The timing of the age at which natural menopause occurs.
The timing of the age at which natural menopause occurs.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ogc.2011.05.002
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Gold EB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gold EB
此外，已观察到45岁以下接受双侧卵巢切除术的妇女因心血管疾病死亡的风险增加，特别是如果她们未接受雌激素治疗。26然而，在45岁之前经历自然绝经的女性患缺血性心脏病的风险增加，而使用激素治疗并没有减轻这种风险。[27]此外，更年期提前与认知功能的早期下降有关。28 - 30由于1990年至2010年期间，由于婴儿潮一代的老龄化，仅美国就有4000万女性和全球数亿女性31经历了更年期过渡，3200万女性正在经历或最近经历了更年期过渡，并且她们最后一次自然月经期的时间可能具有重要的临床和健康意义，因为女性一生中有三分之一的时间是在绝经后度过的。虽然绝经是女性的普遍现象，但绝经的开始时间、绝经过渡期的持续时间以及最后一次月经的时间却不是。33我们对更年期的大部分知识和看法主要基于对白色女性的研究，其中许多是对基于诊所而不是基于人群的女性样本的研究。因此，直到最近，关于自然最后一次月经时间的知识一直受到所研究的妇女样本的性质以及在这一现象的研究中的许多其他方法学差异的影响，这些差异在比较和总结他们的结果时必须考虑。
In addition, women who have undergone bilateral oophorectomy under the age of 45 years have been observed to be at increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, particularly if they were not treated with estrogen. 26 However, women who underwent natural menopause before age 45 years had an increased risk of ischemic heart disease that was not attenuated by use of hormone therapy. 27 Further, early menopause has been associated with earlier decline in cognitive function. 28–30 Because 40 million women in the United States alone and several hundred million worldwide31 experienced the menopausal transition between 1990 and 2010 due to the aging of the baby boomer generation, 32 millions of women are undergoing or have recently undergone the menopause transition, and the timing of their final natural menstrual periods could have important clinical and health implications, because one third of women's lives is spent postmenopause.Although menopause is a universal phenomenon among women, the timing of the onset and the duration of the menopausal transition and the timing of the final menstrual period are not. 33 Most of our knowledge and perceptions of menopause have been based largely on studies of white women, and many have been studies of clinic-based, rather than populationbased, samples of women. Thus, until recently, much of the knowledge about the timing of the natural final menstrual period has been affected by the nature of the samples of women studied and a number of other methodologic differences in the studies of this phenomenon, which must be considered in comparing and summarizing their results.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Cui R;Iso H;Toyoshima H;Date C;Yamamoto A;Kikuchi S;Kondo T;Watanabe Y;Koizumi A;Inaba Y;Tamakoshi A;JACC Study Group
通讯作者：
JACC Study Group
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BURGER, HG;DUDLEY, EC;MORSE, C
通讯作者：
MORSE, C
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Aydos, Sena E.;Elhan, Atilla H.;Tukun, Ajlan
通讯作者：
Tukun, Ajlan
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
ADENA, MA;GALLAGHER, HG
通讯作者：
GALLAGHER, HG
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Cresswell, JL;Egger, P;Barker, DJP
通讯作者：
Barker, DJP