Stress and the developing adolescent brain.
Stress and the developing adolescent brain.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.048
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发表时间：
2013-09-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Romeo, R. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eiland, L.;Romeo, R. D.
青春期是大脑持续成熟的时期，特别是在边缘系统和皮层区域，这无疑在与青春期一致的生理和情感变化中发挥作用。一项新的研究表明，在这个关键的发育阶段经历的压力可能会影响这种神经成熟的轨迹，并导致心理疾病的增加，如焦虑和抑郁，通常在青春期观察到。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了青春期应激暴露对大脑结构和功能的短期和长期影响。更具体地说，我们研究如何在青春期前和青春期早期的发展阶段的压力影响边缘和皮质脑区的形态可塑性，以及青春期的压力暴露在成年后对这些脑区的持久影响。我们认为，由于在这一时期的成熟收敛的因素，青少年的大脑可能是特别敏感的压力引起的神经行为功能障碍，对个人的直接和长期的健康和福祉的重要后果。
Adolescence is a time of continued brain maturation, particularly in limbic and cortical regions, which undoubtedly plays a role in the physiological and emotional changes coincident with adolescence. An emerging line of research has indicated that stressors experienced during this crucial developmental stage may affect the trajectory of this neural maturation and contribute to the increase in psychological morbidities, such as anxiety and depression, often observed during adolescence. In this review, we discuss the short- and long-term effects of periadolescent stress exposure on the structure and function of the brain. More specifically, we examine how stress at prepubertal and early adolescent stages of development affect the morphological plasticity of limbic and cortical brain regions, as well as the enduring effects of adolescent stress exposure on these brain regions in adulthood. We suggest that, due to a number of converging factors during this period of maturation, the adolescent brain may be particularly sensitive to stress-induced neurobehavioral dysfunctions with important consequences on an individual’s immediate and long-term health and well-being.
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