The role of the microbiome in the neurobiology of social behaviour.
The role of the microbiome in the neurobiology of social behaviour.
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DOI：
10.1111/brv.12603
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
10
通讯作者：
Burnet, Philip W. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sarkar, Amar;Harty, Siobhan;Johnson, Katerina V-A;Moeller, Andrew H.;Carmody, Rachel N.;Lehto, Soili M.;Erdman, Susan E.;Dunbar, Robin I. M.;Burnet, Philip W. J.
关键词：
微生物在所有多细胞生命中定植，肠道微生物组已被证明会影响一系列宿主生理和行为表型。其中最有趣和最不了解的影响之一在于微生物组与宿主社会行为的相互作用，新的证据表明肠道微生物组对动物社会性做出了重要贡献。然而，人们对微生物组可能影响宿主社会行为的生物过程知之甚少。在这里，我们综合了肠道微生物组与宿主社会性各个方面相互作用的证据，包括社交性，社会认知，社会压力和自闭症。我们讨论了微生物与动物社会互动中最可能的生理介质的关系。这些包括“社会”大脑区域（杏仁核、前额皮质和海马）的结构和功能，以及“社会”信号分子（糖皮质激素包括皮质酮和皮质醇，性激素包括睾酮、雌激素和孕激素，神经肽激素如催产素和精氨酸加压素，单胺神经递质如血清素和多巴胺）的调节。我们还讨论了与社会行为相关的微生物组相关的宿主遗传和表观遗传过程。然后，我们回顾了昆虫和哺乳动物的嗅觉，这有助于社会信号和通信的微生物相互作用的研究。在这些讨论之后，我们研究了微生物与人类情感和社会行为相关性的证据，重点是精神生物学研究，微生物与抑郁症的相关性，早期人类发育，自闭症以及统计能力，复制和因果关系的问题。我们分析了如何可能被调查的微生物组社会性连接的假定的生理介质，并讨论了与结果的解释有关的问题。我们还建议研究其他候选分子，因为它们对社会行为产生影响，并且已知与微生物组相互作用。最后，我们考虑不同的模式的顺序微生物对宿主生理发育的影响，以及如何这些可能有助于主机的社会行为。
Microbes colonise all multicellular life, and the gut microbiome has been shown to influence a range of host physiological and behavioural phenotypes. One of the most intriguing and least understood of these influences lies in the domain of the microbiome’s interactions with host social behaviour, with new evidence revealing that the gut microbiome makes important contributions to animal sociality. However, little is known about the biological processes through which the microbiome might influence host social behaviour. Here, we synthesise evidence of the gut microbiome’s interactions with various aspects of host sociality, including sociability, social cognition, social stress, and autism. We discuss evidence of microbial associations with the most likely physiological mediators of animal social interaction. These include the structure and function of regions of the ‘social’ brain (the amygdala, the prefrontal cortex, and the hippocampus) and the regulation of ‘social’ signalling molecules (glucocorticoids including corticosterone and cortisol, sex hormones including testosterone, oestrogens, and progestogens, neuropeptide hormones such as oxytocin and arginine vasopressin, and monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine). We also discuss microbiome-associated host genetic and epigenetic processes relevant to social behaviour. We then review research on microbial interactions with olfaction in insects and mammals, which contribute to social signalling and communication. Following these discussions, we examine evidence of microbial associations with emotion and social behaviour in humans, focussing on psychobiotic studies, microbe–depression correlations, early human development, autism, and issues of statistical power, replication, and causality. We analyse how the putative physiological mediators of the microbiome–sociality connection may be investigated, and discuss issues relating to the interpretation of results. We also suggest that other candidate molecules should be studied, insofar as they exert effects on social behaviour and are known to interact with the microbiome. Finally, we consider different models of the sequence of microbial effects on host physiological development, and how these may contribute to host social behaviour.
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通讯作者：
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