Roots of angiosperm formins: the evolutionary history of plant FH2 domain-containing proteins.
Roots of angiosperm formins: the evolutionary history of plant FH2 domain-containing proteins.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-8-115
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发表时间：
2008-04-22
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Cvrcková F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grunt M;Zárský V;Cvrcková F
模块化蛋白结构域的洗牌是进化创新的重要来源。Formins是一个肌动蛋白组织蛋白家族，它们共享一个保守的FH2结构域，但它们的整体结构域结构在opisthokonts（后生动物和真菌）和植物之间存在显著差异。我们在大多数真核生物王国中对formin进行了系统基因组分析，旨在重建一个可能产生当前多样性结构域组合的进化场景，重点关注被子植物formin结构的起源。从opisthokont和Dictyostelium formins中发现的Rho gtpase结合域（GBD/FH3）在除植物外的所有谱系中均有发现，表明其具有祖先特征。相反，苔藓和维管束植物拥有被子植物中已知的两类formin：膜锚定的I类formin和携带pten样结构域的II类formin。在层堆形成蛋白中也发现了与pten相关的结构域，它们可能是独立获得的，而不是通过水平转移获得的，随后在染色质波孔谱系中发生了一系列结构域重排。在一些藻类、苔藓和石松（但不是被子植物）形成蛋白中发现了一个新的rhogap相关结构域，该结构域定义了形成蛋白家族的一个特定分支（III类）。我们提出了一个场景，形成蛋白经历了多个结构域重排在几个真核谱系，特别是植物和染色质线虫。在植物中，它被一个可能无活性的rhogap样结构域取代了GBD/FH3，保留了形成蛋白介导的（膜锚定的）Rho GTPases与肌动蛋白细胞骨架之间的关联。随后的双胍基因扩增，可能与植物向旱地的扩张一致，随后获得了现有的I类和II类形成蛋白中存在的替代膜附着机制，从而使被子植物中含有rhogap样结构域的形成蛋白丢失。
Shuffling of modular protein domains is an important source of evolutionary innovation. Formins are a family of actin-organizing proteins that share a conserved FH2 domain but their overall domain architecture differs dramatically between opisthokonts (metazoans and fungi) and plants. We performed a phylogenomic analysis of formins in most eukaryotic kingdoms, aiming to reconstruct an evolutionary scenario that may have produced the current diversity of domain combinations with focus on the origin of the angiosperm formin architectures. The Rho GTPase-binding domain (GBD/FH3) reported from opisthokont and Dictyostelium formins was found in all lineages except plants, suggesting its ancestral character. Instead, mosses and vascular plants possess the two formin classes known from angiosperms: membrane-anchored Class I formins and Class II formins carrying a PTEN-like domain. PTEN-related domains were found also in stramenopile formins, where they have been probably acquired independently rather than by horizontal transfer, following a burst of domain rearrangements in the chromalveolate lineage. A novel RhoGAP-related domain was identified in some algal, moss and lycophyte (but not angiosperm) formins that define a specific branch (Class III) of the formin family. We propose a scenario where formins underwent multiple domain rearrangements in several eukaryotic lineages, especially plants and chromalveolates. In plants this replaced GBD/FH3 by a probably inactive RhoGAP-like domain, preserving a formin-mediated association between (membrane-anchored) Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Subsequent amplification of formin genes, possibly coincident with the expansion of plants to dry land, was followed by acquisition of alternative membrane attachment mechanisms present in extant Class I and Class II formins, allowing later loss of the RhoGAP-like domain-containing formins in angiosperms.
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