Comparative Cognition: Beginning the Second Century of the Study of Animal Intelligence

Comparative Cognition: Beginning the Second Century of the Study of Animal Intelligence
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比较认知:动物智力研究第二个世纪的开始

DOI:
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发表时间:
1993
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
E. Wasserman
E. Wasserman
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
E. Wasserman

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比较心理学自100年前在英国维多利亚时代创立以来,经历了许多变化。宠物主人和业余博物学家的趣闻轶事已经一去不复返了,取而代之的是行为科学家在精心控制的条件下进行的详细观察。然而,在智力的比较分析中,许多持续存在的问题仍然存在:动物的认知过程和人类的一样吗?研究人员能否构建智能的植物发生学?没有语言的认知是什么?本文简要回顾了比较认知研究的历史。然后,它讨论了两个最活跃和最重要的领域的经验调查记忆和概念化,以熟悉读者与当代研究领域。由于与认知科学、行为神经科学和行为生态学等相关领域的联系日益增多,比较认知学在第二个世纪应该会继续为全面理解行为原理做出重大贡献。
Comparative psychology has undergone many changes since its inception in Victorian England some 100 years ago. Gone are the amusing anecdotes of pet owners and amateur naturalists, replaced by the detailed observations of behavioral scientists made under carefully controlled conditions. Yet, many of the persistent problems in the comparative analysis of intelligence remain: Are the cognitive processes of animals like those of humans? Can researchers construct a phytogeny of intelligence? What is cognition without language? This article briefly reviews the history of the study of comparative cognition. It then discusses 2 of the most active and important areas of empirical inquiry—memory and conceptualization—to acquaint readers with contemporary research in the field. Given increased contact with the related areas of cognitive science, behavioral neuroscience, and behavioral ecology, comparative cognition should continue in its 2nd century to make significant contributions to the overall understanding of the principles of behavior.
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