The origins of African Plasmodium vivax; insights from mitochondrial genome sequencing.
The origins of African Plasmodium vivax; insights from mitochondrial genome sequencing.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0029137
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tanabe K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Culleton R;Coban C;Zeyrek FY;Cravo P;Kaneko A;Randrianarivelojosia M;Andrianaranjaka V;Kano S;Farnert A;Arez AP;Sharp PM;Carter R;Tanabe K
间日疟原虫是第二大流行的人类疟疾寄生虫，估计每年影响7 500万人。然而，由于达菲阴性表型在人群中的高患病率，在西非和中非非常罕见。由于间日疟原虫在非洲的罕见性，以往对世界范围内间日疟原虫生殖发育的研究一直受到非洲寄生虫样本不足的困扰。在这里，我们比较了来自非洲和世界其他地区的寄生虫的线粒体序列多样性，以探讨当今非洲间日疟原虫的起源。线粒体基因组测序显示，与世界其他地区的寄生虫相比，非洲人群中的多态性相对较少。这与来自印度的寄生虫的序列相似性相结合，表明当今人类中的非洲间日疟原虫种群可能是最近从印度次大陆引入的。单倍型网络分析还提出了一种可能性，即目前在非洲和南美洲发现的寄生虫可能是目前世界人口祖先的最接近的现存亲属。有证据表明，这一祖先种群可能来自非洲间日疟原虫的一个古老种群。
Plasmodium vivax, the second most prevalent of the human malaria parasites, is estimated to affect 75 million people annually. It is very rare, however, in west and central Africa, due to the high prevalence of the Duffy negative phenotype in the human population. Due to its rarity in Africa, previous studies on the phylogeny of world-wide P. vivax have suffered from insufficient samples of African parasites. Here we compare the mitochondrial sequence diversity of parasites from Africa with those from other areas of the world, in order to investigate the origin of present-day African P. vivax. Mitochondrial genome sequencing revealed relatively little polymorphism within the African population compared to parasites from the rest of the world. This, combined with sequence similarity with parasites from India, suggests that the present day African P. vivax population in humans may have been introduced relatively recently from the Indian subcontinent. Haplotype network analysis also raises the possibility that parasites currently found in Africa and South America may be the closest extant relatives of the ancestors of the current world population. Lines of evidence are adduced that this ancestral population may be from an ancient stock of P. vivax in Africa.
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