Does adult attachment style mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental and physical health outcomes?
Does adult attachment style mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental and physical health outcomes?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.05.002
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发表时间：
2018-03
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Chauhan P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Widom CS;Czaja SJ;Kozakowski SS;Chauhan P
依恋理论已被提出作为一种解释之间的关系童年虐待和问题的心理和身体健康的结果在成年。本研究旨在确定：（1）儿童期身体虐待和忽视是否会导致成年后不同的依恋风格，（2）成人依恋风格是否会预测随后的身心健康结果，以及（3）成人依恋风格是否会介导儿童期身体虐待和忽视与身心健康结果之间的关系。记录有身体虐待和忽视案例的儿童（0-11岁）与没有这些历史的儿童相匹配，并在成年后进行随访。成人依恋类型在平均年龄39.5岁和41.1岁时进行评估。独立的路径模型研究了心理和身体健康的结果。有童年忽视和身体虐待史的个体在成年后具有更高水平的焦虑型依恋风格，而忽视也预测了回避型依恋。成人依恋风格（焦虑和回避）预测心理健康的结果（更高水平的焦虑和抑郁，更低水平的自尊），而只有焦虑的成人依恋风格预测更高水平的非稳态负荷。路径分析显示，焦虑依恋风格在成年期的部分解释了儿童忽视和身体虐待之间的关系，抑郁，焦虑，自尊，但不是非稳态负荷的关系。儿童期忽视和身体虐待对成人依恋风格有持久的影响，焦虑和回避的成人依恋风格有助于理解儿童期忽视和身体虐待在成年后30年对心理健康的负面影响。
Attachment theory has been proposed as one explanation for the relationship between childhood maltreatment and problematic mental and physical health outcomes in adulthood. This study seeks to determine whether: (1) childhood physical abuse and neglect lead to different attachment styles in adulthood, (2) adult attachment styles predict subsequent mental and physical health outcomes, and (3) adult attachment styles mediate the relationship between childhood physical abuse and neglect and mental and physical health outcomes. Children with documented cases of physical abuse and neglect (ages 0–11) were matched with children without these histories and followed up in adulthood. Adult attachment style was assessed at mean age 39.5 and outcomes at 41.1. Separate path models examined mental and physical health outcomes. Individuals with histories of childhood neglect and physical abuse had higher levels of anxious attachment style in adulthood, whereas neglect predicted avoidant attachment as well. Both adult attachment styles (anxious and avoidant) predicted mental health outcomes (higher levels of anxiety and depression and lower levels of self-esteem), whereas only anxious adult attachment style predicted higher levels of allostatic load. Path analyses revealed that anxious attachment style in adulthood in part explained the relationship between childhood neglect and physical abuse to depression, anxiety, and self-esteem, but not the relationship to allostatic load. Childhood neglect and physical abuse have lasting effects on adult attachment styles and anxious and avoidant adult attachment styles contribute to understanding the negative mental health consequences of childhood neglect and physical abuse 30 years later in adulthood.
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